Adenoviral conjunctivitis: symptoms, treatment, photos, signs
Adenoviral conjunctivitis - today we will consider what this disease is, what are its symptoms and methods of treatment. As the name suggests, adenoviruses are the cause of the damage to the mucous membrane. They cause this type of conjunctivitis.
Symptoms include increased body temperature, clinical signs of nasopharyngitis, and classic symptomatology characteristic of conjunctivitis - burning, lacrimation and itching in the eyes.
Diagnosis of conjunctivitis in children and adults is carried out by an ophthalmologist, taking into account the bacteriological examination of the smear from the conjunctiva and PCR scraping.
Classical therapy of adenoviral conjunctivitis in adults and children includes the use of drugs that have antibacterial and antiviral effects, as well as the use of ophthalmic ointments.
Adenoviral conjunctivitis infection occurs by airborne droplets, and more rarely by contact. The duration of the incubation period is 3-10 days. Outbreaks of this type of conjunctivitis are observed in the spring-autumn period, most often in children's groups. Adenoviruses 3, 4, 6, 7, 7a, 10, 11 are the most frequent causative agents of conjunctivitis.
High risk factors are: contact with a patient with adenoviral conjunctivitis, hypothermia, violation of eye hygiene and eye trauma, bathing in contaminated reservoirs and swimming pools.
The catarrhal, follicular and pleural forms of adenoviral conjunctivitis are distinguished according to the peculiarities of the clinical course.
Adenoviral conjunctivitis and its symptoms begin with pronounced nasopharyngitis and an increase in body temperature. On the second wave of temperature increase, the first symptoms of conjunctivitis appear first on one eye, and in 2-3 days on the other.
Detachable around the edges of the eyelids and on the conjunctiva is insignificant, mucous type. Conjunctivities of the eyelids and transitional folds are hyperemic, there is edema, with a greater or lesser follicular reaction and with the appearance on the eyelids of easily removable films. These symptoms are supplemented by the sensation of the presence of a foreign body, itching and burning, lacrimation, photophobia, small blepharospasm.
Three forms of adenoviral conjunctivitis have been identified:
In adults, the correct treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis should be carried out in a complex. It must be pointed out that treatment can be difficult, as today there is no medicine that would have an impact on adenoviruses.
Assign preparations of extensive antiviral action, such as: interferons or interferon inducers, in addition instillations are carried out 5-7 times a day in the first 7 days of treatment and reduce the amount of instillations up to 3 times a day in the second week.
To exclude the attachment of secondary infection, it is advisable to use antibacterial drops for the eyes, as well as ointments. Until complete clinical overflow with adenoviral conjunctivitis, we recommend the use of antihistamines.
To prevent complications associated with the development of dry eye syndrome, use special substitutes for tears( otagel, vidisik).
In the ophthalmic practice of treating adenoviral eye infections, the following are considered effective:
The prognosis of adenoviral conjunctivitis is positive: as a rule, the illness ends with a full recovery in a maximum of a month. With the development of dry eye syndrome, prolonged use of tear replacement is necessary.
Effective prophylaxis of adenovirus infection, as well as other acute respiratory infections and influenza, is the purity of hands, regular airing of the room, wet cleaning and bed rest.
In the office of an ophthalmologist, it is necessary to thoroughly disinfect and sterilize the instruments( pipettes, eye sticks), cleaning using disinfectants.
Symptoms include increased body temperature, clinical signs of nasopharyngitis, and classic symptomatology characteristic of conjunctivitis - burning, lacrimation and itching in the eyes.
Diagnosis of conjunctivitis in children and adults is carried out by an ophthalmologist, taking into account the bacteriological examination of the smear from the conjunctiva and PCR scraping.
Classical therapy of adenoviral conjunctivitis in adults and children includes the use of drugs that have antibacterial and antiviral effects, as well as the use of ophthalmic ointments.
Causes of
Adenoviral conjunctivitis infection occurs by airborne droplets, and more rarely by contact. The duration of the incubation period is 3-10 days. Outbreaks of this type of conjunctivitis are observed in the spring-autumn period, most often in children's groups. Adenoviruses 3, 4, 6, 7, 7a, 10, 11 are the most frequent causative agents of conjunctivitis.
High risk factors are: contact with a patient with adenoviral conjunctivitis, hypothermia, violation of eye hygiene and eye trauma, bathing in contaminated reservoirs and swimming pools.
The catarrhal, follicular and pleural forms of adenoviral conjunctivitis are distinguished according to the peculiarities of the clinical course.
Symptoms of Adenoviral Conjunctivitis
Adenoviral conjunctivitis and its symptoms begin with pronounced nasopharyngitis and an increase in body temperature. On the second wave of temperature increase, the first symptoms of conjunctivitis appear first on one eye, and in 2-3 days on the other.
Detachable around the edges of the eyelids and on the conjunctiva is insignificant, mucous type. Conjunctivities of the eyelids and transitional folds are hyperemic, there is edema, with a greater or lesser follicular reaction and with the appearance on the eyelids of easily removable films. These symptoms are supplemented by the sensation of the presence of a foreign body, itching and burning, lacrimation, photophobia, small blepharospasm.
Three forms of adenoviral conjunctivitis have been identified:
- 1) In the catarrhal form of adenoviral conjunctivitis, the inflammatory clinic is meager. Redness is small, the amount is also detachable. The course is uncomplicated. The duration of the disease is up to 7 days.
- 2) The follicular form of adenoviral conjunctivitis is characterized by the formation of bubble rashes on the mucous membrane of the eye. The follicles can be small, punctate or large, translucent-gelatinous;are located in the corners of the eyelids or can cover all the infiltrated and loosened mucosa, most of all in the region of the transitional fold.
- 3) About a quarter of cases, a filmy form of adenoviral conjunctivitis occurs. With this form on the mucous membrane thin films are formed, grayish-white, they are removed with a cotton swab without problems. Complication of pleural adenovirus conjunctivitis is often a mucosal scarring. With pleural adenoviral conjunctivitis, the general well-being of a person suffers: a high temperature develops( up to 38 ° C-39 ° C), which can last from 4 to 11 days.
Treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis
In adults, the correct treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis should be carried out in a complex. It must be pointed out that treatment can be difficult, as today there is no medicine that would have an impact on adenoviruses.
Assign preparations of extensive antiviral action, such as: interferons or interferon inducers, in addition instillations are carried out 5-7 times a day in the first 7 days of treatment and reduce the amount of instillations up to 3 times a day in the second week.
To exclude the attachment of secondary infection, it is advisable to use antibacterial drops for the eyes, as well as ointments. Until complete clinical overflow with adenoviral conjunctivitis, we recommend the use of antihistamines.
To prevent complications associated with the development of dry eye syndrome, use special substitutes for tears( otagel, vidisik).
In the ophthalmic practice of treating adenoviral eye infections, the following are considered effective:
- 1) Albucid is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial drop.
- 2) Poludan is a preparation, stimulator of interferon, intended for the treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis and keratitis.
- 3) Floxal is an antimicrobial bitter based on ofloxacin.
- 4) Florenal - neutralizes viruses, mainly groups Herpessimplex.
- 5) Tobrex is an antimicrobial drop that can be prescribed from the first birthday.
- 6) Interferon, an antiviral and immunoactivating agent, is available in the form of a powder from which it is necessary to prepare a solution.
- 7) Tebrofen - in the form of drops or ointments, an antiviral drug.
Treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis in children and adults is carried out exclusively under the supervision of the attending physician, because the incorrectly chosen drug can complicate the course of the disease.
The prognosis of adenoviral conjunctivitis is positive: as a rule, the illness ends with a full recovery in a maximum of a month. With the development of dry eye syndrome, prolonged use of tear replacement is necessary.
Prevention
Effective prophylaxis of adenovirus infection, as well as other acute respiratory infections and influenza, is the purity of hands, regular airing of the room, wet cleaning and bed rest.
In the office of an ophthalmologist, it is necessary to thoroughly disinfect and sterilize the instruments( pipettes, eye sticks), cleaning using disinfectants.