Causes, symptoms and treatment of hypertension 3 degrees. How to overcome the ailment?

To say that the patient develops grade 3 hypertension, a doctor who observes the dynamics of the disease can in the event that the patient has signs of damage to target organs. The level of increase in blood pressure with the use of modern pharmacological preparations can be quite successfully controlled, therefore less attention is paid to the absolute increase in blood pressure( limit values).

The patient should not console himself with the fact that even with his "own" pressure indicators, whatever they are, he feels relatively satisfactory - if the patient develops arterial hypertension of the third degree, the functional capacity of the body is quickly depleted. Complications accompanying severe hypertension can significantly complicate the life of the patient, and in some cases - can end fatal.

Causes of development of complicated hypertensive disease

Many years of medical observations and studies conducted in recent years have proved that the cause of hypertension of the 3rd degree is the lack of timely treatment and concomitant diseases existing in the patient.

The possibilities of modern medicine allow timely detection of even a slight increase in blood pressure in patients of any age - the measurement of blood pressure is available to virtually all patients, and high-precision examination techniques can reveal the true cause of hypertension( essential hypertension) or symptomatic hypertension. It is from this that the opportunities for effective treatment largely depend on - effective drugs and non-drug therapies can be prescribed to patients, in some cases - surgical intervention( it is necessary for the pathology of the arterial vessels).

Timely treatment of hypertension is necessary for the patient with any stage of the disease - even with a slight increase in blood pressure, regular intake of medications is necessary. In this case it is possible to achieve the "physiological norm" index, and not to be limited to "working figures of blood pressure" - this approach to the treatment of the disease helped many patients to prevent the diagnosis of "grade 3 hypertension".

Symptoms of hypertension 3 degrees

Symptoms of hypertension of the third degree consist of manifestations of hypertension proper( symptomatic or essential arterial hypertension) and signs characterizing the defeat of target organs.

Most often, patients show pathological changes in such organs and body systems:

• brain - there is damage to the blood vessels and the proper structures of the central nervous system;
• kidney - renal pathology aggravates the severity of arterial hypertension and increases its degree;
• heart - significantly increases the risk of complications( myocardial infarction, development of hemodynamic instability);
• eyes - the risk of damage to the retina and the mesh of the organ of vision increases.

It is important to understand that the development of complications( defeat of target organs) triggers a pathological cycle in the disease - the symptoms of the disease worsen the course of hypertension itself, and fluctuations in hemodynamic indicators are not amenable to correction by standard therapy regimens.

Brain damage often determines the severity of the patient's condition - the changes themselves affect both the vessels and the brain tissue. The swelling of the tissue surrounding the cerebral arteries is developing because of the swelling of the fluid into the intercellular space, and the expansion of the arteries themselves under the influence of pressure increase - under their influence, the following can develop:

• acute cerebrovascular accident - hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke;
• formation of aneurysmal expansions of the arteries;
• formation of intracerebral or intracranial hematomas;
• development of encephalopathy - even high systemic blood pressure can not provide normal perfusion of the cortex and brain stem structures, which provokes the rapid development of vascular dementia.

Treatment of

As with the remaining stages of the disease, the treatment of hypertension of the 3rd degree will always consist of several main stages, among which are:

• organization of the maximum possible active lifestyle for the patient - the program of treatment and rehabilitation should include the dosed physical activities available for the patient, health measures;
• adherence to the work and rest regime - the longer the patient can "keep" himself in the profession and the household plan, the better the final result of therapy will be obtained;
• diet regime - the diet for hypertension of the third degree practically does not differ from the diet of the patient with 1 and 2 stage of the disease: salt and marinated food, spices, fried and smoked dishes, foods rich in sodium are limited. It is important to take into account the amount of drunk and isolated fluid - water-electrolyte metabolism disorders worsen the patient's condition;
• drug therapy is selected for each patient individually - the list of drugs used for all stages of the disease remains unchanged.