Atrophy of the optic nerve: treatment, symptoms and the cause of the disease
Atrophy of the optic nerve is a fairly serious ophthalmologic pathology associated with a significant reduction in vision in the patient.
What can provoke atrophy?
Atrophy of the optic nerve can provoke an inflammatory process, or degeneration of the optic nerve fiber.
Prolonged compression, as well as trauma, can also lead to severe nerve tissue abnormalities.
What is the cause of this disease?
The causes of atrophy include brain tumors, hypertension, meningitis, atherosclerosis, profuse bleeding, and other diseases. Fiber disorders can also cause genetic factors, or strong intoxication of the body.
What causes destruction of the optic nerve?
The destruction of the nerve fiber inevitably leads to serious consequences, namely: to the replacement of its connective tissue. Thus, visual acuity is significantly reduced due to "blanching" of the nerve disc.
Symptoms and signs of the disease
Symptoms of atrophy of the optic nerve fiber include changing the boundaries of the disc. The boundaries become clear, acquiring a pale color. This is the primary atrophy. The disk takes the form of a saucer, which has narrowed arterial vessels of the retina.
Symptoms of secondary atrophy are: vasodilation, blurred disc boundaries and swelling of its central part. It happens that at a late stage of secondary atrophy, this symptomatology is absent. With profuse bleeding there is a narrowing of the vessels of the retina, loss of the lower half of the field of vision. When the tumor is squeezed by the optic nerve, a gradual decrease in visual acuity occurs.
Treatment of optic atrophy
Treatment of atrophy is not an easy task. Sometimes it can be difficult to restore vision with neglected and severe forms. The most favorable form for treatment is partial atrophy.
Why does partial atrophy of the optic nerve often occur in children?
Partial atrophy of the optic nerve in children is characterized by the fact that the process of destruction or destruction of the optic nerve affected only a part of it and even stopped. It is possible to narrow the field of vision, accompanied by "tunnel syndrome", reduced vision.
The diagnosis of partial atrophy is difficult enough to put in the early stages of the disease, as it proceeds secretly, without external symptoms. Therefore, in children it is usually determined only in the second month of the child's life during an examination with an ophthalmologist.
How does the doctor check the visual acuity of the newborn?
The visual acuity of newborns is checked by the quality of focusing the look, and also on the child's ability to follow the movement of the toy. Also, the field of view in infants is established.
If these methods do not reveal visual acuity, then it is possible to apply brain research to reactions from visual stimuli.
Modern ophthalmic devices allow you to study the child's eye bottom after their expanding action. Direct examination of the fundus is performed with special ophthalmologic equipment.
Only when a clouding of the visual disk is detected can one confidently diagnose "optic nerve atrophy".
Only after this diagnosis has been established in the early stages can the necessary treatment be started on time to prevent further consequences.
Treatment of partial optic nerve atrophy
In this form of atrophy, the most favorable outcome occurs. Usually neurosurgical treatment is performed, and only then laser stimulation and physiotherapy are used.
It is almost impossible to completely restore the visual function, but to prevent complete blindness is important in the early stages.
Atrophy of the optic nerve in children is a disease that requires immediate surgery to prevent serious consequences for the eyes.