Symptoms of anemia and how they are expressed

Anemia is a condition of the body in which the blood contains a low level of hemoglobin. Also, with this disease, there is a decrease in the number of red blood cells( or red blood cells).

There are several types of anemia, the most popular ones are those associated with iron deficiency, they account for approximately 90% of all anemia. Other of the most common types are anemia that occur in chronic diseases due to folic acid deficiency or vitamin B12 deficiency( these are the so-called megaloblastic anemia), hemolytic and aplastic anemia. It is also possible to combine iron deficiency with B12-deficient. In general, the share of the population accounts for about 10-20% of cases of this disease of all kinds.

Very often there is also anemia in pregnancy - this disease during the bearing of the baby is very common. Since anemia has three forms of heaviness, the lung is most insidious for a pregnant woman. The thing is that such anemia almost does not manifest symptoms. It can be suspected only if the skin of the pregnant woman is too pale. Therefore, it is so important to regularly give blood to the tests during the bearing of the baby.

Anemia can have serious consequences on the development of the fetus, on the condition of the mother, can affect the course of labor. From the very first weeks of pregnancy, it is necessary to take all possible preventive measures to prevent the development of the disease.

Symptoms of anemia

The most common signs of anemia that occur with any kind of disease are:

• Increased fatigue, general weakness of the body;
• Drowsiness, decreased efficiency;
• Irritability;
• Dizziness;
• Noises in the ears, headaches;
• Rapid heart rate( at rest and with a little physical exertion of the body);
• Shortness of breath.

It should be remembered that the nature of complaints in patients, as well as the severity of symptoms in anemia vary depending on the type, severity of the disease, the rate of development, as well as the individual characteristics of the individual patient.

Iron deficiency anemia

The lack of iron in the body is the most common cause of the onset and development of anemia, since iron is the main constituent of hemoglobin. All the stocks of this important element are in its composition, and also form part of myoglobin. Small amounts of iron exist and in some compounds - with proteins, transferrin and ferritin in the spleen, liver and bone marrow.

Anemia of iron deficiency has the following features:

• Paleness of mucous membranes( most strongly manifested in conjunctiva eyes) and skin;
• Rapid heart rate( tachycardia);
• Weakness, fast fatigue;
• Dizziness;
• Puffiness or dryness of the tongue;
• The desire to eat substances that are unfit for consumption( for example, earth, chalk, etc.).

Symptoms of aplastic anemia

Aplastic anemia is a blood disorder characterized by impaired ability of the bone marrow to produce blood cells. Earliest symptoms:

• General weakness of the body, dizziness;
• Increased fatigue;
• Poor tolerance of stuffy rooms;
• Occurrence of bleeding from the nose, gums, and gastrointestinal bleeding;
• Impairment of appetite and rapid weight loss;
• Elevated body temperature;
• Ulcerative stomatitis( characterized by the presence of multiple ulcerative defects in the mouth, with a touch).

Hemolytic form of the disease

This type of anemia is a disease in which the destruction of erythrocytes( or red blood cells) occurs faster than the bone marrow has time to make them. This process of destruction is called hemolysis( hence the name - hemolytic anemia).It can occur both extracellularly( that is, directly in the vascular bed) and intracellularly( that is, in the spleen, liver, or bone marrow).

Such anemia signs has the following:

• Jaundice and pallor of the mucous membranes of the eyes and oral cavity, skin;
• Tachycardia;
• Darkening of urine;
• General weakness, fast fatigue, dizziness;
• Shortness of breath;
• Elevated body temperature;
• Increase in liver size, spleen.

Deficiency anemia B12 and its symptoms

This group of diseases is characterized by a deficiency in the intake of vitamin B12 or a violation of its metabolism. Such anemia can have both an innate and acquired character.

B12-deficient anemia develops rather slowly, it can be almost asymptomatic. Signs are basically similar to other types of anemia, but are especially characteristic:

• Defeat of blood;
• Lesion of the digestive tract;
• The defeat of the nervous system.

Symptoms of the disease in children

Often the level of hemoglobin decreases and in babies - basically it falls on the period between the third and sixth months. If the child is premature, a deficiency of iron in the blood can be felt already in the very first months of life.

Symptoms of anemia in adults and children vary. In addition, anemia in the child can not be detected immediately. The main signs of a possible disease:

• Paleness of mucous membranes and skin;
• Dry skin;
• The appearance of stomatitis, cracks in the corners of the mouth, smooth and shiny tongue;
• Disturbance of normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract( diarrhea, more often - constipation);
• Tearfulness;
• Very fast fatigue, low mobility of the baby.

Symptoms of hypochromic anemia

This type of anemia usually proceeds rather gently. Most patients do not notice any symptoms at all. At first they become slightly pale, the frequency of breathing slows down after a lot of physical exertion.

It is possible to detect the disease at this stage only with the help of a laboratory examination of the patient's blood. However, over time, iron deficiency may increase, leading to more obvious symptoms:

• Digestive disorders;
• Sharp deterioration of appetite;
• Difficulty swallowing;
• Nail polish;
• General weakness of the body;
• Rapid fatigue;
• Dizziness, tinnitus;
• Shortness of breath.

Remember that the symptoms of anemia of all kinds can resemble the symptoms of other diseases( and not only of blood).And therefore, when talking to a doctor, report all disorders of well-being.