The first signs of hematoma and its treatment in various types of trauma

As a result of internal bleeding in the muscles or tissues of various organs, cavities filled with blood can form. In medicine, this phenomenon is called a hematoma, but you should not equate it with an ordinary superficial bruise.

This is due to the fact that the complications that may appear after hematoma, depending on the site of their location, can be quite serious and often unpredictable. Extensive hematomas that appear systematically, which are formed even as a result of minor bumps and bruises can be evidence, for example, of serious diseases such as arteriosclerosis of blood vessels or hemophilia.

Differences between bruise and hematoma

Many people mistakenly believe that the bruise and bruise are two names of one concept. Meanwhile, the consequences of such traumatic injuries can differ very significantly. And if, with a minor subcutaneous injury, ointment from bruises and bruises will help, some damage requires observation in a hospital and more serious treatment.

How to get rid of unpleasant consequences?

No one is immune from injuries and bruises. And it is not necessary to lead an active life in order to "get" an impressive bruise or abrasion. Even being in your house, you can accidentally hit in a hurry, accidentally drop a pretty weighty object on your foot, or, thinking about it, it will hit the door jamb.

In transport and in the office, at home and in the shop, any person can be injured, having lost vigilance for a few seconds. Nevertheless, few are interested in how to treat the hematoma immediately the field of injury. Moreover, very few people pay attention to such bruises, especially if they do not cause significant trouble. However, it is very important to recognize the degree of injury received in order to avoid possible undesirable consequences:

• 1 degree - slight, minor damage to the upper skin, which is accompanied by a brief pain and disappears without a trace within 2-4 days. Hematoma: treatment is carried out in a timely manner, usually disappears without a trace.
• 2 degree - more complex injury, which is characterized by a rupture of muscle tissue and the formation of edema and / or hematoma. Such damage, as a rule, is accompanied by sharp pain and deterioration of the general condition of the victim. In this case, treatment often does not require the intervention of specialists.
• 3 degree - if this degree of injury occurs, muscle and tendon damage occurs, a dislocation is possible. In this case, the bruises of the head, joints and coccyx are a particular danger, so it is better to consult a specialist. For example, a hematoma on the head: the treatment of which was not carried out in a timely manner, can cause serious consequences in the future.
• 4 degree - one of the most dangerous types of traumatic injuries, in which the affected part of the body ceases to function. Such injuries must be shown to the doctor. For example, hematoma on the leg: the treatment of which was not carried out in a timely manner, can cause violations of limb functions in the future.

With bruises of the second and third degree, as well as in the case of rupture and / or stretching of tissues, hematomas are formed - a hemorrhage in the body tissue, in which a cavity is filled with blood. Subcutaneous hematoma often does not represent a danger and disappears without a trace, but in some cases it can become a sign of more serious illnesses.

While the cause of bruising is traumatic damage to small capillaries, hematomas can be attributed to a more dangerous form of internal hemorrhage. The cause of bruising and bruising can serve not only injuries, but also complex blood diseases.

Clinical symptoms of

hemorrhage Immediately after a stroke or injury, a hematoma starts to form on the damaged site, which has some characteristic features. It is worth noting that when the fingers are hit the most common is the subungual form. It is logical that the bruise under the eye is a consequence of a blow to the face and, as a rule, occurs after a fight.

Among the main signs of superficial hematomas are such as pain, which increases depending on the severity and localization of the lesion, swelling and / or swelling. In the event that a blow fell on the area of ​​the muscles, a partial loss of functionality is possible. The color of the affected area varies depending on the strength of the lesion.

Also for this type of damage inherent increase in the temperature of the damaged area. Hematomas of internal organs and intracranial hemorrhages are considered very dangerous. The essence of such damage greatly complicates the process of diagnosis and treatment.

So, if the eye's hematoma is easily diagnosed during visual inspection, then studies with various medical equipment are carried out for the diagnosis of intracranial hematoma. This species can have an acute and chronic form of flow.

The choice of treatment method

For the most part, the occurrence of a hematoma is a direct consequence of a bruise, so treatment here is very easy. For example, a hematoma under the eye - the treatment of which can be carried out at home, disappears completely through 4 -5 days.

After the appearance of damage, it is recommended to apply cold to the affected area and, if possible, apply a pressure bandage. After 4-5 days, a specialist can prescribe thermal procedures and prescribe a remedy in the form of an ointment or emulsion.

After a while, the treatment of the bruise on the face gives a visible effect and the damaged area begins to change color - from dark purple to yellow-green, and will gradually disappear completely. Do not forget that during the treatment of such damage, depending on its location, minimize activity or limit the burden on the affected area. Not bad effect on the hematoma treatment of folk remedies, but it is recommended to consult with a doctor about non-traditional means.

If the hematoma is formed during pregnancy

In the case when the disease is formed at the initial stages of pregnancy, it can be tried to treat medications. Often this method of treatment gives positive results in the shortest possible time. If the affected area of ​​a pregnant woman is small and does not bring tangible suffering to herself or to a future child, she may not be treated at all.

Perhaps, in detecting a bruise, specialists will be more closely watching this patient, and will show more attention to changes in her condition. The most important, when an ailment occurs in mild form is to stabilize the condition of the pregnant woman and fetus, and also to thoroughly ascertain and, if possible, eliminate the cause of the violation.

Brain hematoma

Hemorrhages in the brain are very serious traumatic lesions, in the presence of which accurate diagnosis and treatment should be carried out in the shortest possible time. Diagnosis of this type of damage is complicated by the fact that intracranial hematomas, as a rule, appear as a result of severe craniocerebral injuries, which causes not only a hemorrhage, but also many other disorders.

Depending on the specific case, treatment of intracranial hematomas can be performed using conservative or surgical methods of treatment. The choice of treatment tactics in each individual case depends on the volume of the wound formed, the phase of its development and the general condition of the victim.

Absolute indications for surgical intervention and immediate treatment of intracranial hematoma are such as:

• the presence of acute subdural hematoma, which causes displacement and compression of the brain. Operative intervention should be carried out as soon as possible after injuries are received. The successful outcome of treatment in this case is almost completely dependent on how quickly the operation was performed after the injury.
• diagnosis of subacute subdural hematoma with a gradual increase in symptoms and the appearance of signs of intracranial hypertension.