Prosthetics as the only option for assisting atrophy of the jaw bone

Many people are faced with such problems as atrophy of the jaw bone. But not everyone notices this immediately, because the process is rather slow. Usually, after a person decides to go to a dentist, in order to put a denture, he can hear such a diagnosis.

This process is defined as a progressive decrease in bone tissue with a decrease in the width and height of the alveolar process. It occurs quite often - from all patients who go to the doctor, according to statistics 2/3 have different stages of atrophy of the bone tissue of the jaw.

Causes of Atrophy

All atrophic processes in the bones of the jaw go in the same way as all the others, but there are certain specific features for bone tissue. The thing is that at the heart of its destructive changes lies the mechanism in which the processes of destruction begin to predominate over the processes of recovery of bone cells. From the cause of this phenomenon depends the localization of this pathology. It can flow more strongly at the periphery( with a decrease in bone size) or have a diffuse shape. In the latter case, the process is not so noticeable, but the bone becomes lighter and very fragile.

There is atrophy of the jawbone for the following reasons:

1. Abaissement or removal of the tooth. But the vacant place is not preserved for a long time, a gradual shift of neighboring teeth occurs, and as a result of the pressure increase, the process of destruction starts even faster. Sometimes the tooth falls out as a result of the development of an extensive dystrophic process.
2. The age involution. In elderly people, metabolic processes and blood supply in all tissues, including bone, are slowed or disturbed. Usually at this age there are no teeth, and empty alveoli begin to drastically change the structure. The whole jaw can be involved in the process.
3. Pathology of endocrine organs. Most often, this occurs when the thyroid gland is abnormal and the function of the ovaries in women is reduced.
4. Chronic inflammation directly in bone tissue or the oral cavity.
5. Traumatic injury to the jaw.
6. Anatomical features of the structure, usually innate in nature.
7. Long-term chronic common diseases, especially their untreated and neglected forms.
8. Removed cysts or other malignancies.
9. Mechanical pressure of the denture. Particularly pronounced is the process with its unsuccessful selection and installation. Therefore it is very important to apply only to experienced and proven specialists.

Clinical manifestations of

For a long time, such a process as the atrophy of the jaw bone does not bother the patient at all. It is discovered by accident only the doctor in the dental office after the examination. Sometimes even in middle age a person begins to lose teeth, and only this forces him to apply urgently for help.

Much less often destruction can result in a pathological fracture. This is a condition in which minor damage leads to a violation of the integrity of the jaw. As a rule, such changes occur throughout the bone tissue, and fractures occur frequently and elsewhere.

Than atrophy of jaw

Atrophy of bone tissue is a serious pathology that can lead to the development of various complications. And even the most qualitative prosthesis is not able to stop the process of destruction. The place under the bridge prosthesis fails, and the process of deformation of the entire jaw begins.

Disturbance of the structure of the bone leads to a change in the overall contours of the face. Cheeks fall, wrinkles and wrinkles appear on the skin, the shape of the face changes. There are symptoms of premature aging, dyskectomy, a marked asymmetry. If you lose a lot of teeth, your lips may fall into the mouth.

Patient with jaw atrophy may experience severe psychological discomfort. The displacement of teeth to the place of the fallen or removed tooth leads to the appearance of appreciable clefts, while many begin to hesitate to laugh, talk, and become withdrawn.

Problems with chewing hard food leads to the fact that a person can not fully nourish, it develops inflammatory processes of the stomach and intestines, normal absorption is disrupted, and the body ceases to receive all the necessary substances. This further aggravates the processes of destruction, reduces the overall resistance of the organism, leads to the onset of inflammatory diseases, including in the oral cavity.

The displacement of the remaining teeth also affects negatively their integrity, and the process of destruction of the jaw bones acquires a continuous character with gradual deterioration of the general condition.

The lack of even one tooth can become a trigger for very serious violations.

Treatment of

To prevent the processes of atrophy, it is recommended to eliminate or treat to the stage of remission the disease that served as a trigger mechanism for this condition. When removing or dropping the tooth should go to prosthetics.

The process of atrophy begins already after 3 months after tooth loss, and in a year it is already maximally pronounced. The harm and consequences of such a process are undeniable. Therefore, dentists recommend not to delay with the placement of the prosthesis.

At this time, bone atrophy of the jaw can be effectively treated only by setting dental implants, or by building a bone. To do this, take your own bone material or artificial bone.

There is a very modern method of express implantation of teeth, for which there is no need to build up a bone. If necessary, the design( no more than 3 teeth) is installed in the deep layer of the bone or at an angle for an even distribution of the load.

The increase in bone tissue is performed by the method of sinus-lifting. Without this, the installation of an implant on the upper jaw can cause damage to the maxillary sinus. What is usually injected by the development of sinusitis or chronic rhinitis.

There are open and closed methods. With the closed method, the tissue is grown with simultaneous placement of implants. The open method assumes carrying out of manipulation in two stages. This operation is possible only if the bone of the upper jaw and the healthy maxillary sinus are fully preserved.

Insufficiency of the lower jaw bone can cause damage to the mandibular part of the trigeminal nerve when the implant is inserted. This leads to a violation of innervation, followed by a loss of sensitivity in the cheeks, lips, face. To do this, the insertion operation is carried out either in the anterior area where the nerve is absent, or before any careful examination of the oral cavity is performed. There is also a technique for correcting the position of the nerve passing through the lower jaw.

Setting removable prostheses or bridges also has some improvement in the atrophic process, restoring the same load when chewing, but they have a number of inconveniences, and they do not completely solve the problem.

Like the article? Share with friends and acquaintances: