Currant is golden

Golden Currant propagates in all known ways: by dividing the bush, layers, lignified and green cuttings, and in contrast to black and red currants also root siblings. Rooting of green cuttings, as a rule, is low, only 30-40%.The survival of lignified cuttings largely depends on the timing of planting. Plant them in autumn and the earlier, the better.

Goldencurrant seedlings are the perfect rootstock for the gooseberry and red currant form.

For growing seedlings, the dried seeds are sown in boxes to a depth of 3-5 mm. In order for the seeds to pass through stratification and have risen amicably, it is better to keep the boxes in the basement at low positive temperatures( 1 -4 ° C) for 75-80 days, while maintaining a sufficient moisture content of the substrate.

In the early spring boxes are brought into a greenhouse or a warm room. Seedlings dive into a phase of 3-4 leaves. In order for small plants to better transfer the transplant, they for a while pritenyayut.

AGRICULTURE OF CULTIVATION

The golden currant is usually taken away from the poorest soils in the garden. This plant has a deep root system, so they prepare a pit with a depth of at least 60 cm. The planting plant is used for infiltrating organic, potassium and phosphoric fertilizers. The golden currant is characterized by low self-fertility, which makes it necessary to plant 2-3 varieties along a 1 x 2.5 m scale. Like all other currant species, golden plants must be planted with a depth of 5-8 cm, the aerial part is shortened to 5cm, leaving 3-5 kidneys above the surface of the soil. The golden currant comes into fruiting early - for the 2nd-3rd year, and the yield increases in direct proportion to the increase in annual growth. Therefore, all agricultural technology is aimed at ensuring a good growth of the plant itself.

Golden Currant is responsive to fertilizers. Good results are given by fertilizing with mineral nitrogen or slurry during bud blossoming and during the active growth of shoots in June. The main fertilizer is brought under the bushes once in 2-3 years in the fall under the digging of the soil.

In watering the golden currant needs only a very droughty period.

A well-formed shrub should have 10-15 branches of different ages. Despite the fact that the branches of the golden currant are durable, on branches older than 5-7 years, the berries grow smaller, the fruiting is shifted to the periphery of the bush, the ends of the branches dry up and the yield decreases. Therefore, branches are cut out annually over 6 years, replacing them with young and strong shoots of renewal. Remove also thickening, weak, podmerzshie and broken branches. The period of the highest productivity of plantations is 10-12 years.

In amateur gardening sometimes form a golden currant, not in the form of a bush, but in the form of a tree on the stem, 70 cm high. In this case, the plant is well illuminated, which affects the size and quality of the berries.

For varieties with nonshattering berries and simultaneous ripening, it is better to clean the harvest with brushes, as the berry picking is "wet" because of strong connection of berries with peduncles. When collecting berries, a lot of juice flows, their transportability and storage deteriorate.

Compared to black and red currants, golden is the most resistant to diseases and pests. It is not damaged by the kidney mite, glass jug, "mahrovost", powdery mildew, septoria. But goldencurrant is most vulnerable to such a dangerous fungal disease as verticillium wilt( Verticillium alboatrum Rein. Et Berth).

On one-two-year branches in the beginning of summer the leaves turn yellow, fade and fall off. Withering occurs from the bottom upwards on an escape and the so-called "summer leaf fall" comes. Branches die. Fallen leaves and withered branches are the source of further spread of the disease.

The first thing to do is to rustle the dead bushes, burn the leaves and branches. The soil should be decontaminated, for example, with formalin. New healthy plants are planted already in another place, as the microsclerotia of the fungus remain on plant remains and in the soil. The fungus can affect not only the golden currant, but also some other fruit plants, as well as potatoes and tomatoes. For this reason, the precursors of the golden currant should not be solanaceous and strawberry.

Of the known varieties the most resistant to this dangerous disease is the variety Dense Tuscany, the most susceptible variety is the Uzbekistan large-fruited. Unfortunately, there is no information about resistance to verticillosis withering of new varieties.