T-shaped incision

The budding can be carried out in two terms, depending on the timing of the operation, a dipping eye is identified by a sleeping eye and a sprouting eye. The lumination with the germinating eye is carried out in the spring, a scutum cut from the lignified annual shoot of the previous year. The eyepiece with the sleeping eye is timed to the summer active sap flow, beginning on the average in the second half of July - early August. This time is chosen for the of the budding because the cambium is most active during this period and the crust is easily separated from the stock. Shields for oculation with a sleeping eye are taken from the shoots of the current year. Before the remaining fruit cultures, the sap flow starts from the stone fruit, so it is worth starting to garnish in the garden with them. The budding involves several successive operations, on the quality of each of which the success of the vaccination depends. First of all, it is necessary to choose the vaccination site on the site. Place the ovulation on the rootstock should be smooth, without knots, swellings, roughness. It is better to have a place of oculization from the northern side of the stock. On seed stocks, place the graft at an altitude of 5-7 cm from the surface of the soil, on clod-new rootstocks higher, at an altitude of 10-15 cm. If there is a bend in the basement, the eyepiece should be placed below the bend point. Then the stock in the place of grafting should be thoroughly wiped off from dirt and dust, and rinsed with heavily soiled areas with water. In the place of grafting on the rootstock it is necessary to prepare a T-shaped incision. To do this, a 1.5 cm cross section of the cortex should be made, a longitudinal incision 3 cm long downwards should be made downward from it under the straight line, bringing the knife to the transverse section. At the intersection of the incisions, rotate the knife blade slightly to the right and left to separate the corners of the bark from the wood. After this, it is necessary to separate the bark from the wood by the bone of the knife along the length of the entire longitudinal section. A very important stage of oculization is getting a shield with a kidney. This simple process involves several successive actions:

under the kidney at a distance of 1.3-1.5 cm make a cross-section;

ft scraper is cut from the shoot, retreating above the kidney by 1.3-1.5 cm and grasping the entire kidney in width;

ft blade of the knife is smooth without jerks and distortions from the top of the flap to the cross section under the kidney;

Technique for perforating the

1. Cut the scutellum, with the eyelets from the annual shoot of the coniferous variety of the fruit crop.

2. On the stock, perform a T-shaped incision and knife bend to bend the bark along the entire length of the cut.

3. Insert the flap into the T-shaped cut to the stop so that the kidney is placed symmetrically with respect to the edges of the bark of the longitudinal section.

4. Place the eyepiece with a polyethylene tape, leaving the kidney open

L when the slices meet, shield should be pressed to the blade of the knife and separated from the cut;4 In carrying out this operation, the stalk should be kept in the left hand by the apex toward itself.

When the stock is prepared for vaccination and the kidney flap is cut, it is necessary to connect them by inserting the flap into the T-shaped section into the root. To do this, the cut-off flap should be taken for the cut of the leaf petiole and enter the movement.

Preparation of the

eyepiece The shield with the eye can only be taken from the prepared cuttings, which have cut off the leaves, the apex and left only the middle part with the most developed

kidneys. With proper performance of all actions, the cut-off flap will be thin, flexible, with a small layer of wood just under the kidney, the kidney will remain intact. You can not cut a shield with a thick layer of wood over the entire area of ​​the shield, otherwise it will crack in a cut,

and its thickness will prevent the coincidence of the cambial layers of the stock and the graft. However, the absence of wood on the shield suggests that the conductive bundles are cut, and this will have an extremely negative effect on the survival of the shield. Correctly cut flap has a length of up to 4 cm and a slightly curved shape

from top to bottom in the T-shaped cut to the bottom. The shield is pushed into the entire length of the incision. The kidney should be placed in the center of the longitudinal incision, while making sure that the cortex is not bulging. You can not allow the kidney to move to the right or left of the axis under the bark. If the cut-off flap is too long, it will most likely not fit entirely into the prepared T-shaped incision and rest against its lower end at the end of the cut. In this case, it is necessary to cut off the excess upper part of the flap along the border of the cross-section to the rootstock with a knife. When the scutellum is inserted into the incision, the stock of the stock is slightly compressed with the thumbs of both hands from the bottom to the top so that it fits snugly against the cambium. This will prevent unwanted tissue oxidation at the site of vaccination. After this, the pipette of the eyepiece is made, which must be done immediately, so that the shield does not dry out. For strapping, a polyethylene tape with a width of no more than 1.5-2 cm should be used. The strapping starts from the top and, following successive turns, moves downward. The kidney is bypassed, leaving open, the bandage ends below the end of the longitudinal incision, fixing the end of the tape under the last coil. A dense correct strap provides a good contact of the shield with the stock and promotes its better survival. After 10-15 days, it is necessary to check the budding for survival. The most sure sign that the ocularization has taken root is the falling off of the petiole with a slight touch to it. This means that the scutum is fused with the stock and now feeds on juices with it alone. If the petiole is tightly seated and does not fall off, then chances are good that the incision was unsuccessful. In this case

it is necessary to remove the bandage and inspect the site of vaccination. On the uninhabited incision indicate the wrinkled bark of the scute and the dried bud. This means that it will have to be repeated in another place of the same rootstock.