Reproduction and cultivation in the Schisandra garden
Seed multiplication
Freshly picked fruit carefully squeeze the juice and seeds are washed from the pulp. Clean seeds are laid out on paper to dry in the room. Then the seeds are poured into paper bags and kept in the room until December 1.Preparing for planting in the spring is as follows. It passes in 3 stages:
1. The heat period, when the seeds are at an air temperature of 18-20 ° C, in wet sand for 1 month.
2. Cold period, when seeds in a box with sand are buried deep under the snow for 1 month.
3. Period of germination of seeds at a temperature not exceeding 8-10 ° C.Initially, the seeds are placed in a flap from the capron stocking, put in water for 4 days. Once a day, water is changed. After that, seeds in bundles are buried in moist sand in a box. They keep him in the room for one month. So, for example, if the soaking began on December 1, then on December 5 the seeds are placed in a box with sand. Within 1 month of the thermal stratification period, once a week, remove the bundle with seeds from sand, unfold for 5 minutes to ventilate. Then again the seeds are wrapped in a bundle and rinsed under running water. He gently squeezed and again buried in the sand. The sand is kept moist all the time.daily moisturize with water. A month later, the box is buried under the snow, after wrapping it with a cloth. Those.one month the seeds are in the cold. In the third stage of stratification, the box with seeds is taken from under the snow and placed in a cool room at a temperature of 8-10 ° C, but not higher.
At higher temperatures, seeds can fall asleep, fall into secondary dormancy. In this case there will be no sprouting. The period before germination lasts up to three weeks, depending on the origin of the seeds.
In order to get the shoots, you need to take fresh seeds from the fruits of this year's harvest.
After the beginning of mass cracking of the seeds, they are immediately planted in sowing boxes with soil mixture. It is necessary to carefully monitor the humidity of sand on the 3rd stratification period and to look through, wind the seeds in 3-5 days. You can not allow them to germinate into nylon tissue. Sow the entire batch of seeds at the same time, as soon as mass cracking and seeding began. The initial growth of seedlings is very slow, on average, after 70 days it reaches 1.8-3.7 cm.
There is a difference in the number of leaves, the length of the stem and the roots, depending on the origin of the sample. It was found out the influence of the soil mixture on primary growth of seedlings at the age of 1 month for 2 weeks.
It turned out that the seedlings grow faster on a mixture of soil, peat and river sand in a ratio of 1: 2: 1.Adding perlitic sand to the soil leads to an increase in the mass of the roots, and the addition of river sand is the mass of the aboveground part of the plants. The best in all indicators of growth was the 4 version of the experiment, i.e.with an increase in the dose of peat to the mixture of soil and river sand. Seedlings by autumn reach an average of 5 cm to 10-12 cm, subject to their picks on the ridges or in cold greenhouses.
Transplanting of seedlings is carried out in phase 3-4 of this leaf. For winter, plantations are covered with fallen dry foliage and spruce lapnik.
During the summer they are kept under cover material - lutrasilom or spunbond, watered and removed weed grass. They are put in a permanent place in the garden in the spring, at the age of 2-3 years. From the seeds in the Non-Black Earth region, single-homed plants are formed. They have both male and female flowers on the vines.
Chinese magnolia seeds
Landing
Before planting, the seedlings are gently poured, digging a pit of 50 x 50 cm deep. At the bottom lay a bucket of gravel or gravel for drainage. Then fall asleep fertile garden land mixed with mineral fertilizers and humus. The rate of fertilization during planting: 8-10 kg of humus, 200 g of superphosphate, 70-80 g of potassium chloride, 50 g of ammonium nitrate. You can add wood ash 30-40 g. On a hillock of land in the hole set seedling, without destroying it with a clod of earth. It is watered, tamped around the ground, making sure that the root neck is level with the ground. After the draft of the land, there should be no holes in which water can stagnate. During the summer in dry weather, the plants need to be watered, mulched to keep around them a loose moist surface layer of soil. Regularly remove weeds, very finely loosen, in dry weather, in the morning and in the evening spray plants with water. Lianas have a superficial root system, so you can not dig the ground near them. It should only be finely chopped, and several times in the summer, pour the soil to the stem to prevent the exposure of the root neck. Lianas love penumbra, so in the first years of life they need to be shaded, stretching gauze over them. You can not plant them near trees with a powerful crown, becauseLianas are very sensitive to soil drying.
Schizandra should be planted in a permanent place, taking into account that it is a climbing plant that needs constant support. This can be trellises for grapes, pergolas, stairs, etc. Schisandra planted in a row at a distance of 2 m between plants.
Near the buildings, lianas can be planted so that rain drops do not fall on the roots. The height of the trellis above the ground is recommended 2-2.5 m. Metal supports are installed from corner iron or old water pipes. Between them pull a wire in 3 rows. In summer, green shoots are tied on one side of the trellis.
In the first years of life, the seedlings are sheltered for the winter by a layer of fallen leaves 10-15 cm thick and topped with spruce lapnics from mice. Formation of a bush, pruning is carried out in summer or early winter. In spring, pruning can not be carried out because of strong crying and further drying out.
Vegetative propagation
Propagation of lemongrass with winter wood cuttings does not allow their rooting. It is also difficult to reproduce by summer cuttings. Rooting 19-20% is considered the best. Perhaps this is due to the very thin young shoots and the presence in them of a large amount of mucus. Rooted cuttings left for winter in cold hotbeds, despite shelter, freeze. It is necessary to store them in the winter in basements in wet sawdust, to plant in the spring.
In nature, Schizandra is actively propagated by rhizomes. When growing in the garden in autumn around the creeper, you can cut a part of the rhizome and plant it. Sometimes try to plant in the gardens imported magnolia vine from the taiga. The material can be infected with diseases and pests, and therefore do not use wild lianas imported from the Far East.
The merits of lignon are related to their ecological purity. Practically there are no diseases and pests and chemical treatment of plants is not required. However, wild-growing lianas have diseases and pests, it is worth to be afraid of their importation into our gardens.
Care of plants
From the very beginning it is necessary to plant lemongrass next to the supports - trellises, ladder. They are placed near houses or other buildings, along the edges of the garden. The height of the trellis should be at least 2 m.
On the poles, the cultivation of Schizandra is not recommended, becausethe crown will thicken, and you can not remove the vines from the support. Cultivation without a garter to the supports is impractical, becauseThe plants go to the rhizome and do not bear fruit for a very long time. The Schizandra grows well in a light shade, in a place protected from the prevailing winds. The main requirement is to ensure the planting with moisture, especially sprinkling, i.e.spraying with water from a hose. Lianas are located at a distance of 1 m from each other, near the trellis.
During the summer, young shoots are tied to the trellis and they are not removed from it again. No shelter is required for the winter. In the summer, the creepers are watered and sprinkled with water. In spring, nitrogen fertilizers are introduced, as well as humus. Flowering of lianas with proper care of plants comes in 5-6 years of life.