Bilirubin in the urine of healthy people is contained in minimal, undetectable amounts. Bilirubinuria is observed mainly in liver damage. But the first pigment that appears in the urine w...

Excretory urography is a common method for diagnosing diseases of the genitourinary system, which is based on the ability of the kidneys to remove contrast agents from the blood. After intravenou...

Cystography is an instrumental method for studying the bladder, which consists of an X-ray image after filling the organ with water-soluble contrast. Depending on the route of administration of t...

Urine is a mirror of the body. The most simple and often used is a general or clinical urinalysis. When collecting urine for general analysis it is important to follow certain rules. Aft...

Urinalysis by Nechiporenko is a study that allows an assessment of the condition of the kidneys and urinary tract. This analysis is carried out for more detailed detection of disorders f...

Ultrasonography of the kidneys and bladder is a modern research method based on the imaging of pelvic organs with the help of ultrasound rays, which originate from a special sensor and are also...

Study of osmoregulatory function of the kidneys The main function of the kidneys is purifying, by selectively removing from the blood excess substances for the body and delay necessary, which ...

Cystoscopy is an endoscopic method for examining the bladder and urethra, which consists in examining the mucous membranes of these organs with the help of a special optical system. To date, ther...