What is the hypertension of the skin and how is it treated?

Normally, between internal organs and the skin there are viscera-skin nerve pathways, which, due to pathological impulses, lead to increased sensitivity of the skin. Or, to put it simply, hyperesthesia of the skin arises from the disruption of the normal reaction between the skin and internal organs.

Symptoms of skin hyperesthesia and the causes of

In the diagnosis of hyperesthesia of the skin, the causes are not fully understood, but physicians have noted certain conditions of the body that can cause hyperesthesia of the skin:

• The state of receptor hyperesthesia, which can be caused by wounds, body burns, shingles.
• The state of the so-called central hyperesthesia, when there is an increased excitability of the neurons of the brain, which then leads to increased sensitivity of the skin. It happens with neuroses, infectious encephalitis, some forms of mental disorder.

In this case, the skin reacts to the most minor changes in the environment, such as exposure to temperatures, mechanical objects, some skin care products. If you try to lift the fold of the skin above the surface, the patient feels strong and unbearable pain.

Pain with hyperesthesia of the skin of a pressing nature or burning, resembling pain when exposed to burn factors. And the nature of pain may not be the same in different parts of the body. When examining a patient, the doctor notes areas of the body that are hypersensitive, trying to find the cause of such a reaction.

Pains or hypersensitivity passes through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves from the spinal cord to all organs, so pain can occur not only on the skin of the body, but also hyperesthesia of the scalp.

Hyperesthesia usually accompanies certain nervous disorders. For example, diseases of the spinal cord can cause the appearance of hypersensitivity. In addition, hyperesthesia is directly related to the diagnosis of "neuralgia" or the state of general pain. In neuralgia, one of the symptoms is hyperesthesia in contact, exposure to cold or heat. Thus neuralgia can arise in the most different sites of a body.

Especially bright clinical picture occurs with neuralgia of the trigeminal nerve. Even the most insignificant effects in the face or movement cause unbearable and inadequate pain, often leading to loss of ability to work and often to prolonged treatment.

The cause of nerve irritation can be benign or malignant tumors, as well as multiple sclerosis. In this case, hyperesthesia can be one-sided, and also appear at times, during an exacerbation of the disease or progressive growth of the tumor.

Hypersensitivity can be with chronic poisoning of the nervous system with poisons, chemicals, alcohol or drugs. Especially often complain of hyperesthesia of the skin of alcoholics, who in a hangover state do not allow to touch themselves because of increased pain sensitivity.

Hyperesthesia of the skin is usually accompanied by severe dermographism. Normally, when you draw a line on the skin, the pale pink trace remains on it, and this symptom has a very important diagnostic value in medicine. With hyperesthesia of the skin, dermographism is clearly pronounced, and after the line is left a dark red trace.

The change in dermographism is affected by the state of the autonomic nervous system and the presence of chronic diseases. The more pronounced the pathology of the autonomic nervous system, the more pronounced dermographism becomes.

Hyperesthesia of the skin can be manifested by the fact that, after tracing the skin from the trail, redness in all directions begins to diverge. The cause of this pathology may be brittle vessels. The change in vascular strength can also cause petechiae or hemorrhages the size of a pinhead.

At rest, some patients also notice pain in the skin area, and this condition is called superficial hyperalgesia. In this case, patients complain not only of pain, but also of the itching or burning sensation on the skin.

Therapy and types of cutaneous hyperesthesia

Depending on the type of stimulus, the following types of cutaneous hyperesthesia are distinguished:

• Thermal - the skin reacts to cold or thermal effects.
• Polysteia - when, under the influence of a single stimulus( for example, a needle), there is a burning sensation, pressure and tingling sensation on the skin area.
• Hyperpathy - occurs in response to touching the skin without pressure. At the same time the patient feels strong pressure and unpleasant sensations.
• Paresthesia - there is an unhealthy sensation associated with the pathology of the organs and systems of the body. So, for example, with ischemia or hypothermia of tissues there is a feeling of numbness and crawling of "goosebumps".

Treatment of hyperesthesia of the skin is to eliminate the causes that have caused the sensation to increase. Also, treatment involves the appointment of analgesic drugs( non-narcotic analgesics).A good therapeutic effect is provided by physiotherapy, sanatorium treatment.