Vegetative reproduction of herbaceous and ornamental plants
Vegetative reproduction of herbaceous and ornamental annual and perennial plants is carried out by dividing the bush and rhizomes, green cuttings, root cuttings, tubers, bulbs and corms, as well as root offspring. The division of the - is the simplest, most practical and common way to propagate root-bearing shrubs, such as lilacs, spirea, chubushnik, and
. Bushes division is the simplest way of direct vegetative reproduction of perennial vegetable and ornamental crops. It's enough just to dig a piece of a big old bush with a shovel and move it to a new place.
Dig out a bush( its part) and gently divide it with your hands or cut it with a knife. This should be done carefully so as not to severely injure the roots, each resulting filament must have at least one developed viable shoot or continuation kidney.
Cut the apical or median stem from the branch of the uterine plant at the base of the leaf.
2. Remove the lower leaves, cut the middle and upper large leaves to half, and immerse the base of the cuttings in a growth preparation to stimulate rooting.
3. After 18-20 hours, remove the stalk, rinse with clean water and put in a light ground substrate.
4. To ensure the necessary moisture, the stalk should be regularly watered and covered with a plastic sheeting or a can of
rhizome perennials such as astilba, helenium, delphinium, phlox and others. To do this, you should dig out the mother's bush or part of it with a clod of earth and split it with a shovel, knife, secateurs, or gently separate your hands into parts. Each subsidiary should have at least 2-3 renal buds or shoots. Early flowering plants are divided and planted in autumn, plants that enter the flowering phase in summer and autumn are recommended to be divided in spring or autumn after flowering. In separated daughter plants, long roots can be shortened and the root system dipped in clay from clay and manure. The growth stimulators contained in the manure activate the development of the root system, which contributes to the rapid rooting of the plant. Sometimes it is recommended to disinfect
for green cuttings, cut off the lower leaves and truncate up to half large middle and upper leaves. This is necessary to establish a balance between the volume of foliage consuming nutrients and evaporating moisture, and only the incipient root system of
1. The apical stem.
2. The middle stem.
3. Shank with one eyelet or sheet. Qualitative green cuttings should have 3-5 kidneys, they are stronger and more viable. If there is a shortage of planting material, cuttings with at least one kidney( eye) and petiole with a leaf
/ can also be rooted. In autumn, before the onset of frosts, the mother plant is excavated from the ground and the main root at the base is cut off. The thick part of the root is divided in the direction of growth into several segments of 5-7 cm each.
2. The resulting root cuttings are placed in a box filled with sand or light soil, a substrate. Cuttings are stuck into the substrate vertically.
3. Cuttings can be spread horizontally, sprinkled with earth and stored during the winter in a cool place, preventing freezing.
4. In spring, the containers with cuttings are transferred to a warmer place and allowed to germinate, after which the strengthened plants are transplanted into the open ground
weave the roots of separated plants with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. A number of herbaceous perennials, forming a powerful rhizome, traditionally propagate by dividing rhizomes. The rhizomes are cut into parts so that each part of the divided rhizome - the division - has at least 2-3 renal buds. The time of division depends on the type of culture: the irises are divided in July after flowering, the peonies in the second half of August before the beginning of the formation of young adnexal roots, canna, tigridia, lily of the valley are propagated, after germinating the rhizomes in the greenhouse, which are then divided in March so that eachThe segment had 1-2 buds of renewal and was planted after frost. Many herbaceous cultures can be propagated by with green cuttings. This method is more labor-intensive than simple bush division, but it often turns out to be indispensable at the stage of plant breeding when there is a shortage of planting material. Summer or green cuttings are usually cut in June-July. When cutting, the upper cut above the kidney is made straight, and the lower cut is made, if the stem has more than two buds, then the lower leaf is removed completely, and the middle is truncated half, especially if it is large.
To accelerate the rooting process, the lower end of the cut is placed in an aqueous solution of a growth promoter, such as, for example, heteroauxin and indolyl butyric acid. The maximum concentration of the growth stimulant should not exceed 25-50 ml / g. After treatment with a growth preparation that lasts no less than 15-18 hours, the cuttings are removed from the solution and washed in clean running water. After this, they start planting green cuttings. They are planted obliquely to a depth of not more than 1 cm in a light land substrate based on sand and peat. For successful rooting, cuttings need air temperature of 20-24 ° C and humidity of 85-100 %. This moisture level is achieved by repeated watering during the day and coated with a transparent polyethylene film. Under the film, a warm and humid microclimate is established, which facilitates the rooting of the cuttings, you can cover the seedling with a transparent glass jar instead of the film, the effect will be the same.