Seed procurement

A good way to get quality seed is to collect seeds on your plot. This method is practiced for almost all types of crops, especially for those that produce seeds in the crop year. First of all, you should know which plants and when to harvest the seeds. Among vegetable crops there are different plants of the type of biological development: spring annual crops bloom and give seeds in the year of sowing, while winter two-year-old vegetables forming a root crop or head are blooming and, therefore, give seeds only in the second year of life.

Seeds of annual crops, formed in the year of sowing, should be fully ripened, as determined by a change in their color or the type of fetus in which they are enclosed. Sometimes it is impossible to do this because of the shedding of seeds, as is the case with umbellate inflorescences of dill, caraway seeds and seed boxes of some types of flowers. Then the seed-

Seed collection

1 .The plant, which is characterized by the required qualities, is marked with a ribbon even before the seeds are formed.

2. Ripened seeds are harvested on a dry, sunny

day, unripe seeds in special cases leave the

for after-treatment.

3. Seeds are removed from the fetus or threshed, the

is dried, sprinkled on the bags that

is inscribed and stored before the spring sowing of

in a cool dry place.

is harvested unripe and left to be rationed, during which they acquire a taste, color, and allquality, characteristic of mature fruit, after which thresh. Mature seeds are stored in a dark dry place until next year and used for spring sowing.

Culture, giving	Culture, giving
seeds in the year of sowing	seeds in the second year
- dill	- carrots
- cumin	- beet
- cucumbers	- parsley
- tomatoes	- celery
- squash	- turnip
-zucchini	- radish
- pumpkin	- cabbage
- pepper
- salad
- radish
- flower crops

Blooming, pollination, fertilization and seed formation of biennial crops occur in the second year after sowing. Therefore, in order to obtain the seeds of these crops, it is necessary to assemble the uterine plants and store them in winter in a cool place, in spring select well-preserved specimens with developed buds and shoots and plant them on a bed where seed development continues;they form stems with inflorescences, bloom and after pollination form seeds. In the medium belt, small-sized carrots, parsley, turnips, and rutabaga do not freeze and, if snowy enough, successfully hibernate in the ground. The root crops that have overwintered in the ground start to blossom early and by the end of July to the beginning of August they are given qualitative viable seeds. Seeds should be harvested from the strongest plants. To prepare a quality seed, the most productive, decorative or outstanding for any other signs of plants should be noted in advance with a ribbon and after the seeds ripen, they should be collected from these plants. Seeds are collected on a dry day and left on paper to dry completely. After that they are laid out on paper bags, inscribed and stored in a dry dark place, the most favorable temperature for storage of seeds is 10-15 ° C.

It is also the case with the collection of seeds of fruit vegetables: tomatoes, cucumbers, zucchini and others. They are extracted from fully ripened fruit, dried, poured into a paper bag and stored in a cool dry place.

Seed should comply with the seed quality standard, the most important of which is the ability to germinate or germination. The germination of seeds is understood as their ability to give normal viable sprouts at temperature, humidity and other conditions characteristic of a culture. The germination capacity of the seed is determined by the number of seeds germinating under certain conditions for a given period of time and expressed as a percentage of the number of seeds taken for control. The degree of germination is due to the energy of seed germination. The ability to germinate can significantly decrease as the seeds age or as a result of improper storage conditions, and then we are talking about seed material with a low germination energy. Such seeds, if the conditions for cultivation deteriorate, give late and unfriendly shoots or do not rise at all. Determination of seed germination for 5-

7 days before spring sowing allows to adjust the seeding rate, and with reduced germination it should be increased.

Seeds not seeded - possible causes ,

Seeds of poor quality, many of them proved to be underdeveloped

Seeds for some reason did not pass resting period

Seeds were affected by the disease before sowing or fell ill after sowing

Seeds damaged or destroyed pests

SToo much depth of seeding of small seeds, they do not have enough light and strength to break through the thickness of the

soil. "The light-like seeds were covered with earth, which contradicts their biological nature

.

sowing seeds were overdried during the winter

There was no adequate moisture after sowing seeds in the period of germination

Sedimentation of soil in planting place adversely affects the germination of seeds