Distillation - iris Dutch, or xifium, - Iris
Iris belongs to the family of iris. Distributed throughout the northern hemisphere. Thanks to the beautiful colors of the original shape and are very popular. There are a lot of garden forms of irises. Most varieties of rhizome irises belong to the class of bearded, traditionally called Germanic.
The flowers usually have three internal petals( or rather, petal perianth lobes) that point upward, forming a vault, as well as three outer, bent downwards. Outer petals in shape and color quite often differ from internal ones. Flowers are collected on the top of the peduncle( 2-5 each) and open gradually from the top down.
The varieties of irises are distinguished by the height of the peduncle and the shape of the flowers, their color and the period of flowering.
There are not only rhizome irises. In recent times, great popularity has been acquired by the Iris, the so-called Xythia( Xi-phium), from the Greek word for "sword" and iridodictium( Iridodictium) - in Greek "iris net", whose bulbs are covered with
Fig. Xifium( iris)
by a network of fibrous scales. For distillation, Dutch bulbs are used. Iris hollandica).
Dutch irises have long, relatively wide lanceolate leaves. The flowers are large, with a diameter of
of 7-8 cm.
This species can be chased almost at any time of the year, provided that the bulbs are properly prepared. At a temperature of 25-35 ° C, the bulbs of Dutch irises are at rest( all processes in them are very slow), so they should be stored almost all the year round. And this will not affect their qualities.
Dig up the bulbs in the first decade of August and store it for 2 to 3 weeks at 35 ° C, then lower it to 17 ° C and hold for another month under these conditions. At this time in the bulb, the processes that lead to the formation of the peduncle. The process of preparing the formation of flower embryos in bulbs lasts 4-5 weeks, and at this time they need a temperature of 9-13 ° C.Usually, by the middle of November, the flower buds have already fully formed.
In areas with mild winters, it is possible to drive out Ris.ryamo in the open field, in more northern ones - in greenhouses. From December to April, the bulbs are planted in a greenhouse for
8-10 weeks before the planned date of flowering. To get blooming iRis. May-June, the bulbs are planted in the open ground in October-November, and in order to receive flowers in July-November, the bulbs are planted in March-August. In spring and autumn, the ridges with irises are covered with foil.
Bulbs with a circle of at least 9 cm are used for winter pasturing. Bulbs with a circumference of 7-8 cm can be used for growing in the soil with flowering in May-June. Smaller ones are suitable for late-growing. For summer flowering, a larger planting material is required( with a circumference of 14 more than 10 cm).Depth of termination changes depending on
on the timing of forcing. On the pasture in December-April, the bulbs are only slightly buried in the ground, in other cases - 6 to 8 cm are closed.
The ground for distilling the irises should be light and of good structure. A mixture of turfy ground with sand and peat is recommended in a ratio of 1: 1: 1.Bulbs of Dutch irises are very sensitive to salinity, so the soil should not be enriched with mineral fertilizers. The flower growers of Europe even wash the pound if they have to plant iRis. After vegetables( tomatoes, cucumbers).
The temperature of the forcing is very important, especially in the first two weeks after planting the bulbs. In order to bloom in December-January, the temperature in the first two weeks should be about 13 ° C day and night, for flowering in February-April - 11-12 ° C, and forcing for flowering in July-August - 10-12 ° C.After two weeks, the temperature is slightly increased: in the first and second cases - up to 15 ° C in the daytime and 18 ° C at night, in the third case, Ris.flowers at any temperature.