Do you have it or not? A game.
Features of the game and its educational value. In the proposed game, as well as in the previous ones, children learn to recognize familiar objects in form. But unlike previous games, tactile examination and recognition of the desired object occurs in a situation of comparison of several objects more or less similar in form. For example, in a set of toys there are several round objects( a ball, an apple, an egg, a lemon), among which the child must find a certain object. Thus, the learning task( distinguishing similar in form of subjects) requires children to have greater mental effort than in previous games. In addition, children are given greater independence in the application of rational methods of tactile examination, which are reminiscent of the rules of the game.
The solution of this rather complicated task becomes possible due to the fact that children have an active interest in attractive subjects. In addition, the approval of the educator and peers, their recognition of the child's personal achievements( knows how to find the named subject) encourage the child to solve the problem correctly.
Watching the actions of peers, the other children get used to empathize with each other, rejoice in the success of the other and restrain themselves in order to contribute to this success. Thus, in this game, not only cognitive activity, but also volitional and moral qualities are brought up.
Game material. Familiar to kids voluminous toys of small size and simple shape. It can be imaginative, didactic toys and some miniature household items. It is good to use a didactic set of wooden toys, distinguished by a clear, monolithic( one-part) form( apple, pear, ball, egg, pyramid, jug, bowl, lemon, cube, brick).If there is no ready-made kit, you can pick up your own, consisting, for example, of the following items: a ball, an apple( dummy or natural), an egg, a fungus, a nesting doll, a basket, a bucket, a pebble, a car, a brick, a plane, etc.
ForThe game requires two copies of each toy. Some toys of the same shape must differ in color, so that children can apply the knowledge of colors and independently identify the shape of the object as its distinctive feature. In addition, two small bags are needed. In each of them there should be two holes for hands, assembled on an elastic band, like a coupling.
All toys and both muffs are placed in the box with the appropriate compartments: for one set, for the other set and for the muffs.
Description of the game and its techniques. The teacher promises to play with the new toys that he has prepared for them. After breakfast, he offers children to put chairs as always.(semicircle), and opposite them puts a small table with a box in which the game material is located. Taking out two bags( muffs) out of the box, the adult shows how both hands are inserted into the muff, and gives the children to try themselves, as it is done. The babies pass the muffs to each other from two sides, beginning with those who sit on the edge. Having met in the middle of the semicircle, the muffs return to the table to the tutor.
Taking out each toy from the box in turn, the tutor shows it to the children and puts it on the table. Kids call items and look at them from all sides. On the table is built the whole set of toys. After that, the teacher in front of the children puts one after another all the items in the muff, and the child called by him does the same thing with another set of toys and another muff."The toys hid from us," says the teacher."Nothing, now we will look for them and return them again."He beckons to his two children, frees the place on the table and sits them opposite each other so that their actions are visible to everyone. Each kid receives a muff with toys."Now we will decide who will be the first to look for a toy," says the tutor and uses a simple countersink:
To play fun, We need to count all of them. One, two, three, One is you.
Referring to the first child, the teacher suggests that he choose in the muff-box what he likes.(At the same time it looks like taking a survey of the subject with both hands, turning it and probing it from different sides.) "Chose? He then asked. "Then tell me what you found, and ask if there is a similar toy in Petit( the name of another child)."The teacher explains that you need to say the following words: "I have a ball( lemon, egg, etc.).And do you have or not? "- and put the item on the table. Another partner should find in his muff-box the same thing and answer: "And I have a ball", then take it out of the muff box and put it side by side for comparison. Everyone compares toys and assesses the correctness of the solution of the problem. If the problem is solved correctly and the objects coincide in shape, the children clap their hands.
The game continues, only now the second child chooses the toy, and the first finds the same in his muff, and again both toys become close. Evaluating the correctness of the solution of the problem, the educator chooses two new children, and the game continues. So in turn, all the children choose and find toys, examining to the touch and learning objects in shape.
At the end of the game, the teacher, along with the children, puts the material in a box.
Rules of the game.
1. Examine the toys to the touch, with both hands, turning them from all sides.
2. You can remove the toy from the bag and put it on the table only after it is called.
3. Choose a toy and ask if it has a partner, in turn, which is set using the counters.
Tips for the educator. To successfully solve the teaching problem, not only a tactile, but also a visual examination is of great importance. In the process of preliminary viewing of toys in children, a visual image of the object arises that will facilitate a tactile examination and recognition of the subject in form. Therefore, it is very important that the examination of subjects pass emotionally and children can admire toys.
In order not to complicate the process of inspection and selection of toys, put in each muftochku not more than five subjects. So it will be more spacious to the hands of the child, which will make it easier to recognize toys. Items identified by children are returned every time to the muffs. After three or four pairs of children play these toys, replace them with others.
When you restart the game, you can add new toys or replace some of them with objects of more complex shape with additional details( for example, a bucket can be replaced with a saucepan, a mug with a sugar bowl, etc.).
It is necessary to pay special attention to that moment in the game, when two toys taken from muffs are compared. Asking children what they have the same, and what is different, help them to distinguish the form as an essential distinctive feature, distracting from the signs of color.
When assessing the correctness of the solution of the problem, it is important to enable children to fully experience their success and to receive satisfaction from the recognition of their personal achievements by other children and adults. Therefore, no need to regret praise and kind words, assessing the success of children.
In the process of playing, children improve tactics of tactile examination. The movements of the hands, carried out under the guidance of the educator, are becoming increasingly coherent: the fingers slide over the entire surface of the object. This leads to the construction of a holistic, clear image of the shape of the object, which makes it easier to recognize it by touch.
The organization of the game is so simple that children can play it together or four together and without the direct participation of an adult, only under his general supervision and guidance. This contributes to the relative independence of children and their rapprochement with each other.