Why did the USSR collapse? What are the main causes of the collapse of the USSR
- "Everybody pulled a blanket on himself"
- Ideology has outlived itself
- Crisis in all spheres of
- "Pepsi Cola and Jeans"
- Americans still defeated
staff deficit Perhaps one of the main reasons for the collapse of the USSR is the deficit of party cadres. To do this, it is enough to recall, thanks to whom the USSR was formed and who was its leadership from the very beginning? At first they were, in fact, fanatics of their ideas, revolutionaries who sought to overthrow the tsarist regime and build communism, where all people are equal and working, will live in prosperity. After the war, the leading posts in the USSR were occupied by the former military, this disciplined old generation, which had a strong communist ideology, they really wanted to build communism. Most of them could not even admit the idea that at least one kopeck from the state budget was stolen, though they enjoyed state benefits and their official position, but this can be ignored altogether, especially when compared with today's leaders. However, this old generation could not be forever, when the leaders began to die in their stead, they could not find worthy personnel, or they simply did not let the worthy ones, since the remaining ones had their own plans.
Probably, it all started from the moment when the "dear" Leonid Ilyich became completely "bad", many witnesses of that period noted that Gen. Sek.very much "passed", and pretty quickly and strongly. The reason for this is that many historians call "Brezhnev's pricks", which he was pricked by a nurse, a KGB employee. At the same time, the logical chain converges, the chairman of the KGB at that time was Andropov, he had long ago labeled Brezhnev's place and it is quite possible that such injections were really deliberately introduced to worsen the state of health of Leonid Ilyich. Andropov's dream was realized, in November 1982 he headed the state after the death of Brezhnev, at 69 years old.
But Andropov's reign ended in 15 months, since before the inauguration of the Secretary General he knew that he did not have to live long, but, nevertheless, he took such a high post. Andrpov's death was the second funeral, in 2 years, when the last funeral of the Soviet leader was in 1953.The second consecutive death of the head of the country in such a short period of time could not but affect the country, in all its spheres. Place Andropov took Chernenko, who at that time was already 72 years old, but Konstantin Ustinovich also died almost a year after being appointed to the country's main post. The third funeral for the USSR was a blow, the country loses the ideological fundamentalists of communism, and also has no clear path of development, since Andropov and Chernenko had their own plans, but they did not have time to embody them.
Among the people even began to walk anecdotes on this topic. Realizing such an absurd situation, the Politburo decides to choose the relatively young Gorbachev, who at that time was 54, as the country's leader, and he was really young in the political bureau, from that moment the disintegration of the USSR began to take place irreversibly, Gorbachev became the catalyst for this process.
Incompetence of the new leadership headed by Gorbachev, as well as new cadres in the polit.the bureau and the leadership of the country, who eventually turned out to be traitors, the desire of the leaders of the union republics to secede and make their countries independent, to lead them themselves - all this is the result of Gorbachev's perestroika.
As it was said just above, all the leaders of the allied states "pulled the blanket over themselves" and they all wanted independence. Perestroika weakened strict control, both over the leaders and over the people. As a result, all the leaders of the allied states, one way or another, tried at any opportunity to secede and proclaim independence. Oils in the fire poured destruction of the Berlin Wall and the unification of Germany. Mass protests and unrest in the Baltic States and in some other republics have made their imbalance.
The beginning of the end occurred in August 1991, when the "August putsch" occurred, as a result of this coup, within a month, the Baltic countries left the USSR.After that, the Soviet Union began to crumble. This can include the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, where a military clash began between the Armenian SSR and the Azerbaijani Soviet Union, Moldova, etc.
Against the backdrop of all these events, after the referendum on "preserving the alliance", the leadership of the Union republics nevertheless proclaimed independence.
It is not a secret for anyone that the USSR was kept on the communist ideology, it was propagated from everywhere. From birth, the child was instilled with communist values, even starting from the kindergarten, and especially in the school in which all the pupils became October, and afterwards - pioneers, and so on. According to this pattern, not one generation lived, but the years passed, the world changed, and the communist ideology could not resist it.
The main ideologists of the country and leaders have passed away and replaced them, as it was said for the first time - incompetent people came who did not believe in communism, they did not need it. Moreover, people themselves stopped believing in it, especially when the crisis began.
The rallies and persecution of opposition figures by the secret services were probably one of the keys to the successful existence of the USSR, but during the reorganization the oppositionists intensified and started active unimpeded activity.
Perhaps, for this reason, it is possible to include the Chernobyl disaster, since it dealt a significant blow both to the reputation of the USSR and its leaders, and was reflected in people. The Soviet system, which drove the builders into the framework for the delivery of objects at certain times, and timed it to the communist holidays - made itself felt, and very cruelly - by the Chernobyl tragedy. The fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, as well as all the previous three units, were commissioned with irregularities, according to experts, the fourth power unit could not be operated at all, since it did not comply with the safety standards, builders had to hand it over in time. This factor, as well as the looseness of the system and the experiments conducted on that ill-fated night - have become fatal in everything. The deliberate concealment of the consequences of the explosion further exacerbated the situation. In the end, all this was a powerful blow to the entire Soviet system and the country as a whole.
As the saying goes: the fish is rotting from the head, and so it happened with the Soviet Union. Gorbachev was not a strong leader, but in order to keep such a large country - a strong man is needed. The country needed radical reforms, but all the reforms that were undertaken were disastrous. The lack of goods on the shelves, their constant deficit, huge queues, devaluation of money - all these are the consequences of perestroika. People just got bored of living like this, or rather survive, without any prospects for the fact that this crisis will ever end.
With the advent of Gorbachev to power, the iron curtain began to slowly rise, and western fashion poured in, the main attributes of it, perhaps, were jeans and Pepsi-Cola. Seeing how they live in the west, how they dress, what they drive on, etc. Soviet citizens wanted the same thing. By the end of the 80s, the word "Lenin" and "communism" had become the subject of ridicule, people felt the smell of freedom and wanted changes, which was reflected in the song of V. Tsoi.
Everyone knows that America was the main enemy of the USSR.Between the US and the USSR there has always been a confrontation, and almost everything. Both countries were considered superpowers and fought for world domination, and the ideologies and world outlook of the two countries were completely different.
There is a version that Gorbachev cooperated with the US, for good reason they called him "a good guy."There is also an opinion that Brezhnev, Andropov and Chernenko were killed, and all traces of these murders lead to the CIA.Neutralization of the entire old partnomenclature, that tempering, and the appointment of Gorbachev, a pro-democracy politician - was to the benefit of the Americans. The Cold War of that time ended peacefully and coolly. Why fight with the system of weapons, if you can help this system to get rid of itself. ..
Causes of the collapse of the USSR
Consider the most basic versions of why the USSR collapsed. In order to analyze the causes of the collapse of the USSR, someone returns in 1991, during the August putsch, and someone in 1985, when Gorbachev's "reorganization" came to power. But personally, I tend to move to the 1980s, when the so-called non-return point began, with which the countdown to the USSR's existence began. So, let's start in order.
Afterword
This, in my opinion, is the main reason why the Soviet Union disintegrated. Someone, for sure, will be inclined to one of the versions, well, someone, including myself, is inclined to all these versions, that is, all of the above reasons and provoked in the aggregate the collapse of the USSR, some of themin a greater degree, some in less, but, nevertheless, all of the above played a role.
As far as the consequences are concerned, we can see them ourselves, no country that was part of the USSR, after the breakup, has gained the values that it aspired to. But, nevertheless, do not be nostalgic about the USSR, since life was then closed, just people were kinder, and there was less theft of state managers, that's the whole secret of fairy-tale time.