Consequences and complications of gonorrhea

This venereal disease, like gonorrhea, does not belong to "very terrible" diseases, it rather more suited to the category of extremely unpleasant. But this definition is suitable only for acute gonorrhea, in other cases it is not only a serious illness, but in some cases dangerous, and because of its consequences, without treatment, this pathology will pass into a chronic form and give numerous complications.

Gonorrhea infection can occur most often during sexual intercourse, but it is possible and the household way - through common personal hygiene items, sleeping accessories, if hygiene rules are not respected.

Acute gonorrhea in girls is limited, as a rule, to the damage of the vagina, urethra and cervical canal. In men, the acute process is limited only to the urethra. In the absence of treatment, gonorrhea changes into a chronic form, and then the upper floors of the genitourinary system may be involved.

In clinical venereology, several types of gonorrhea are distinguished:

• Acute gonorrhea( fresh)
• Chronic gonorrhea( fired)
• Latent gonorrhea( asymptomatic or with few symptoms)

In addition, distinguish between complicated and uncomplicated gonorrhea. All these forms can occur in both men and women. However, women have a latent gonorrhea more often. In some cases, they can only be carriers of the infection, while not having any clinical manifestations.

Complications of gonorrhea

The first common danger that gonorrhea bears is infertility, both male and female. The second, not less known danger, is the propensity to join a secondary infection - chlamydia, candidiasis, ureaplasmosis, syphilis, HIV.

But what else is fraught with neglected gonorrhea, know not all. Therefore, we should dwell on this issue in more detail.

The launched form of gonorrhea does not develop immediately - from the moment of infection it should take more than 2 months, while the patient does not undergo the appropriate treatment. In some cases, neglected gonorrhea develops not by the negligence of the patient, but by ignorance of the existence of this disease. As mentioned above, more often this situation is possible in women.

Complicated gonorrhea is fraught with damage not only to the lower floors of the genito-urinary organs, but also by raising the infection upwards, into the uterus, bladder, kidneys, prostate, seminal vesicles. In especially severe cases, during the generalization of the process, the gonococci are scattered throughout the body. They can settle almost on any mucous membranes, but the favorite places are the nasopharynx, sensory apparatus, heart, pleural and abdominal cavity.

Complications of gonorrhea in women

The most frequent complications of gonorrhea in women are more related to reproductive organs and urinary system:

1. Infertility;
2. Rupture of the fallopian tubes;Adhesive process in abdominal cavity;
3. Pelvioperitonitis;
4. Breast of the menstrual cycle.

Many women, after neglected gonorrhea, have difficulty in bearing a child, they often have spontaneous miscarriages and stillbirths. If a woman, being a sick gonorrhea, becomes pregnant and does not undergo any treatment in this regard, the probability of infecting a child in childbirth is almost 100%.

In this case, the child will undeservedly receive from the mother gonoblennoy, which is also a danger - without treatment, complete loss of vision is possible. And given that the newborn process always has a two-way nature, then both eyes are exposed simultaneously.

Also, some women after a previous history of gonorrhea may experience a disorder of the menstrual cycle. These disorders are to a large extent related to the lesion of the endometrium of the uterus and the fallopian tubes, as a complication.

With the penetration of infection into the bartholin glands, an extremely painful disease develops - bartholinitis. Usually this pathology occurs during the expiration of purulent discharge from the vagina into the duct of the Bartholin gland. In some cases, there is a clogging of the secretion of the duct and a false cyst is formed, but if any kind of pathogenic flora is attached, the false cyst is transformed into the true cyst. In this case, there is only one method of treatment - surgical.

Involvement of the ampulla of the rectum and anus leads to a gonorrhea proctitis. In the rectum, burning and itching appear, which are intensified when walking and defecating. On the mucous membrane can appear ulcers and erosion, then along with the feces pus and blood in small quantities. If proctitis has a prolonged course, paraproctitis and narrowing of the rectum may develop.

Gonorrheal inflammation can go up and through the cervical canal to get into the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. The rise of infection usually occurs during menstruation, abortion, various diagnostic manipulations. Involvement in the process of the uterus is called endometritis. In this case, there is an increase in the monthly, there is severe pain in the lower third of the abdomen, the temperature may slightly increase, nausea may appear.

A woman notices that pus comes out of the uterine blood. When viewed, the vagina and uterus are very painful. In the event that gonorrheal endometritis is delayed and acquired a chronic course, the only symptom that can give this complication will be a copious discharge of blood during menstruation.

When the infection continues to climb up and reaches the fallopian tubes and ovaries, salpingoophoritis develops, it almost always has a two-sided character. The most characteristic symptoms are painful and frequent urination, abdominal pain, fever above normal, nausea, weakness, sweating, abdominal wall tension, uterine bleeding not associated with menstruation. When the disease passes into the chronic phase, the symptoms subsided and bother only periodic uterine bleeding. This disease is fraught with another complication - uterine obstruction and a tendency to ectopic pregnancies or infertility.

In neglected state gonorrhea can affect not only the genitals of the small pelvis, but also the abdominal cavity. This is a rather serious complication, which sometimes leads to very unfortunate consequences without consulting a doctor and urgent treatment. Very often in this case, surgical and diagnostic intervention may be required - laparoscopy, which allows not only to reveal the vastness of the process, but also to produce the necessary medical measures. Pelvioperitonitis in some cases is complicated by the adhesive process, changes in the configuration of the pelvic organs, infertility.

Complications of gonorrhea in men

As for the complication of gonorrhea in men, they are also quite a lot, some of them lead to infertility, the rest can disrupt the work of the genitourinary sphere, lead to various defects. The most common complications include:

• Orchipididymitis;
• Prostatitis;
• Necrosis of the testis;
• Narrowing of the urethra;Infertility and impotence.

Epididymitis - the leader in the list of complications. In this case, gonococci affect the seminal duct in the appendages of the testicle. There are drawing pains in the perineum and in the scrotal area, in some cases there is a rise in temperature to high figures, the patient is shaken with chills. With this complication there are difficulties in the movement, the patient can not reduce his legs, so bed rest is necessary. If the process has passed to the testicles, orchitis develops. Most often occurs a simultaneous defeat of these structures with the development of orchid epididymitis.

In addition to infection of the testicle and its appendages, it is possible to damage the vas deferens and the spermatic cord - the deferent and funicular. In the case of a process transition to the prostate, gonorrheal prostatitis arises, which in the end can lead to a weakening of the erection, a decrease in the strength of orgasm and even infertility.

Inflammation can also develop in the urethra and bladder and even the kidneys, foreskin and glans penis( balanoposthitis), and after a while, the opening of the prepuce sack narrows and phimosis develops. Thus there is a strong hyperemia of the foreskin and its internal leaf, and the head of the penis, as well as the external opening of the urethra.

Urination causes a lot of painful sensations, it becomes frequent, there is pain in the lower abdomen and in the course of the urethra. After a dream, there may be a symptom of a "morning drop" - the allocation of a small amount of purulent exudate, and at night disturb painful erections that are not associated with a sexual object.

Urethral strictures occur after urethritis. The canal is so narrow that the excretion of urine is extremely difficult, and in some cases becomes impossible. Naturally, the pill can not help the patient with this complication, surgical treatment is necessary. In addition, due to a complicated outflow of urine from the bladder, favorable conditions are created for the appearance of inflammation in it. Because of this, fistulas, phlegmon and septic damage to the kidney tissue develop. And these conditions already pose a threat to the life of the patient.