Causes, signs, symptoms and treatment of chronic gastritis
Often in the company during a feast we have to watch people who limit themselves or completely refuse to eat food, drinks, dessert, fruit. They call themselves "gastritis."Chronic gastritis is not only the most common disease, but also well described.
Chronic form is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa, in which the physiological functions of the stomach( secretion and motor skills) are violated. Often, chronic gastritis occurs after acute, during which the necessary treatment was not performed.
Dry statistics show that more than half of the world's population is well aware of this diagnosis. In order to clearly understand one form or another, one must first of all learn to distinguish the types of chronic species.
Types of chronic gastritis
All chronic gastritis is divided into primary or primary, and secondary or concomitant. For the reasons that affect the occurrence of chronic gastritis, the following types of disease are distinguished:
- Endogenous, which is a complication of heart diseases, infectious diseases, allergic conditions, kidney disease, gout, anemia, diabetes mellitus.
- Exogenous, such gastritis develop with malnutrition, poor-quality food, with caries, mastication, lack of teeth, taking hot or cold food, taking medication.
- Exogenous people suffer from working in harmful chemical industries, overuse alcohol, smoking, often using chewing tobacco.
The following chronic gastritis is distinguished by the level of gastric juice production:
- Chronic gastritis with high acidity. With increased acidity of the stomach, an abundant secretion of gastric juice is noted.
- Chronic with low acidity. With chronic gastritis with low acidity, a decrease in the secretory function of the stomach is found.
This disease is divided according to a histological sign using a biopsy method. There are types of gastritis:
- chronic non-atrophic gastritis, in which lesions of the gastric mucosa occur, but the phenomena of gland atrophy are not detected;
- chronic subatrophic gastritis, in which partial atrophy of the glands of the gastric mucosa is observed;
- chronic mixed gastritis, which is characterized by the presence of transient, successive forms: inflammation of the gastric mucosa, lesions of the stomach glands at the level of atrophy and subatrophy.
Chronic gastritis is distinguished by localization of the process. In the stomach there are three parts or parts - the cardial( the place of passage of the esophagus into the stomach), the body and the antral( the passage of the stomach into the 12-colon) parts.
Chronic antral gastritis is characterized by lesion of the stomach outlet part. There is also a chronic gastritis of the body of the stomach. Chronic diffuse gastritis is characterized by a common inflammation of the mucous membrane of the whole stomach, otherwise it is called pangastritis.
Symptoms of the disease
Symptoms of the disease are diverse. In everyday life you can face both with one of the symptoms, and with a whole "bouquet".The more and more deeply the gastric mucosa is affected, the more clearly the disease pattern is expressed. Therefore, often in the initial stages of chronic gastritis can be asymptomatic.
Complaints for all forms at the beginning of the disease are reduced to nausea, and with neglected cases gastritis is accompanied by vomiting, which alleviates the suffering of the patient. Most often, people suffering from gastritis complain of poor appetite, fear of eating, because after eating there is a belch of standing food, an unpleasant odor from the mouth.
Pain in chronic gastritis almost always accompanies this ailment. Pain can be either permanent, or paroxysmal, pricking.
One of the characteristic signs of a disease with high acidity are pains that appear on an empty stomach or some time after eating.
Patients with increased secretion of gastric juice do not suffer from lack of appetite. There is such a gastritis more often at a young age, than in the elderly. Often patients are concerned about severe heartburn, which is the most striking symptom of chronic gastritis with high acidity. It should be noted that with this form of gastritis all symptoms of chronic gastritis appear brighter than in other forms.
After eating, patients with chronic gastritis complain of a feeling of raspiraniya, heaviness in the stomach, bubbling, burning, unpleasant sensations. Patients often suffer from constipation, and also complain of an irregular, unstable stool.
Symptoms of exacerbation of the disease
More often gastroenterologists face an exacerbation of chronic gastritis in the summer. The reason for this may be a violation of diet during the holidays and going to exotic countries. Aggravation, as a rule, is associated with a violation of diet, overeating, stressful situations.
In summer, air temperature creates conditions for spoilage of food, which can lead to exacerbation of chronic gastritis. At this time on the table a lot of fresh fruits and vegetables, excessive use of which, too, can cause symptoms of exacerbation.
There is a triad of symptoms of exacerbation of the disease:
- Pains, which can be permanent or paroxysmal. Can be stabbing, aching, associated with food intake. Pain can be "hungry", fasting or nocturnal.
- Nausea and vomiting that can occur both on an empty stomach and after a meal. The manifestation of this symptom will depend on the individual characteristics of the patient, as well as on the type of gastritis.
- A malfunction in the intestine, as a violation of a diet can provoke constipation or diarrhea.
Treatment options for
It is necessary to approach seriously the treatment of both the most chronic gastritis and its exacerbations. Unhealed forms of the disease can easily lead to the appearance of gastric ulcer or cancer. Is it possible to cure chronic gastritis? Of course, you can if you know the symptoms of the disease and in time to see a doctor.
It is not difficult to treat a disease, but treatment takes time, patience and attentiveness to yourself and your disease. For clarification of a clearer picture of the disease, additional examination methods may be needed, such as gastroscopy, measurement of gastric acidity, general blood tests.
Treatment is always prescribed by a specialist, it is always complex, using diet, medication, and simple eating rules. In chronic gastritis, the following foods are not recommended:
- Products from processed meat( canned food, sausages, sausages).Unfortunately, all these products contain a large number of harmful food additives.
- Carbonated and alcoholic beverages, strong tea or coffee. All these drinks irritate the gastric mucosa.
- Tomatoes, as proved their strong stimulating effect on the gastric mucosa.
- Fat and roasted dishes that contain a large amount of saturated fat.
Drug treatment is prescribed only by a doctor. Medicines that are prescribed for this disease, have enveloping, adsorbing and antacid properties. All these medicines are taken after meals, when it is necessary to reduce the reactivity of the gastric mucosa.
Finally, there are simple tips, the use of which at home can help in the treatment and prevention of chronic gastritis:
- It is recommended to drink one or two cups of warm water on an empty stomach. The water rinses away the mucus that has accumulated overnight.
- The food is divided into several meals in small portions. Overeating can cause severity and exacerbation of the disease.
- Whole meal should be thoroughly chewed, best 33 times each piece. Careful chewing helps the stomach cope with food.
- All dishes and drinks should be slightly chilled, but not cold. You can not eat cold and hot meals at the same time.
- Eat more fiber, and choose vegetables better than fruits, because they contain fruit acids.