The main diseases

Conventionally, all diseases of flower crops can be divided into three large groups: rot, blotch and plaque. The most dangerous of them - rot. These include the black leg, fusarium, gray, white, black, dry, hard, brown core, sclerotic rot, fusarium, tracheomycosis and verticillium wilt.

Black foot affects asters, pansies, carnations, dahlias, delphiniums, gillyflowers, snapdragon, sweet peas, violets, chrysanthemums, zinnias, etc. Seedlings and seedlings are ill.

Gray rot, or mold, affects asters, gladioluses, anemones, snapdragon, chrysanthemums, dahlias, roses, hyacinths, daffodils, peonies, tulips, irises and other plants. Fusarium rot affects mainly bulbous cultures, especially gladiolus, tulips, daffodils, lilies. Dry rot, Stromatinosis is a dangerous fungal disease of bulbous cultures. It strikes gladiolus, crocus, freesia, montbretia, snowdrops.

The root rot of is found on many floral plants - violets, forget-me-nots, narcissuses, delphiniums, gladioluses, hyacinths, lilies, irises, etc.

root root clefts strike asters, carnations, chanterelles, snapdragons, lilies, peonies, phloxes and others.culture. Sclerotic( white) rot affects dahlias, snapdragon, delphinium, gerbera, irises, gillyflowers and other plants. Brown core rot most often affects gladioli, but it is also observed in other bulbous plants. Hard rot, or septoriosis, is the most dangerous for gladioli.

Vascular Wilt. Diseases of asters, dahlias, chrysanthemums, snapdragon, leonk, carnations, peonies, phlox, roses and other plants.

The cause of rot is most often a soil infection, that is, the development of microorganisms living in the soil and on plant residues in the soil. These include fungi of various genera and omnivorous bacteria. Rot may also be caused by nematodes. The development of rot is often promoted by cold weather with abundant precipitation, which is favorable for the mass development of fungi.

Control measures of with various forms of rotting are, first of all, in carrying out protective measures aimed at suppressing their wide distribution. To do this, immediately after removal of the shelter from perennial flower crops, it is necessary to carefully remove the plant remains, cleanse the dead leaves from the shoots, cut off the aged stems and shoots, remove rotted plants and bulbs with a clod of earth, and treat the plants with a homa solution prepared at the rate of 20 g.5 liters of water. Treatment is usually carried out by watering from a watering can, and it can be repeated, if necessary, after 2-3 weeks. All the early bulbous plants emerging from the ground, as well as perennials: roses, phlox, peonies, primroses, etc., can dissolve the homa.

It is also necessary to pour the soil solution on the plots prepared for the planting of bulbous( gladioli), dahlias and various summer flasks. This simple preventive measure will protect plants from the onset of the disease.

In addition, from the outbreak of disease the flower garden can save careful rejection of planting material and planting of healthy bulbs and tubers. Bulbs of tulips, daffodils, crocuses, hyacinths are subjected to careful examination and rejection in the autumn before planting in the ground, and corms of gladiolus and tuber dahlias in the spring.

Dahlia tubers are taken from storage facilities, examined before planting, decorticated crooked, the remaining ones are etched in a solution of choma within 30 minutes and only after that they start to germinate. If the tubers are planted without germination, then they should be sorted out, and the treatment with hom take before the planting.

Many experts consider ineffective the use of homa solution in the fight against such a disease as the black leg. If shoots start to burn at the base and fall, it is better to treat them with any copper-containing preparation( copper chloride) at a rate of 30-40 g per 10 liters of water or a solution of potassium permanganate, soaking them well.

On the rhizomes of irises in the spring there can be an outbreak of some form of rot, which affects the tissues, turning them into a mushy mess. In this case, first of all, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the rhizomes from the decomposed mass, cut off all affected tissues with a sharp knife, and then treat the wounds and sections with a strong, almost black, solution of potassium permanganate.

It is also important to monitor the condition of seedlings. In April-May, it can be significantly damaged by a black leg to protect young plants from this disease, the soil is covered with calcined sand under the stem of the seedlings and watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. However, at the end of May or the beginning of June, before planting into the soil, the plants can suddenly start to turn yellow and fade - this is a fusa-riotic wilting. Slightly at first glance plants transplanted into the open ground become a source of fusariosis in the summer, which is very dangerous. Such seedlings must be discarded, the remaining seedlings are spilled under the root with the same 0.4% solution of choma.