Why there are colic in the kidneys, how to alleviate the pain

Colic in kidneys is an unexpected development of severe and intense pain in the lumbar region or in the hypochondrium, which irradiates along the ureter. For such pain is characterized by a sudden onset at any time of the day, the preservation of pain during movement and at rest.

The most common causes of renal colic are kidney stones, hydronephrosis, or nephroptosis. Also, colic can be triggered by a blockage of the ureter with a blood clot, a tumor, a polycystosis, etc. In this case, a spasm develops in the urinary tract.

Symptomatic development of pathology

An ordinary attack of colic in the kidneys develops unexpectedly against a background of good health. Usually its manifestation can not be correlated with physical stress, stress or the influence of other negative factors on the human body.

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The attack can begin at any time of the day and at any time of year, at home or abroad, at the workplace or on vacation. The main and permanent symptom of renal colic is an intolerable pain of a cramping character that does not depend on movement, in this connection. The patient begins to rush about the room, trying to find a position that at least a little relieve the pain.

The localization of pain, its irradiation and other additional manifestations of colic in the kidneys depend on the degree of obstruction of the urinary canals. Usually, when the stone is located in the renal pelvis, pain is given to the upper part of the lumbar region - in the costal-vertebral angle. Often the pain radiates into the rectum or into the abdominal region and can be supplemented by painful urge to empty the intestine.

If a blockage of the ureter occurs, the pain is localized in the side or in the waist from the side of the affected kidney, and also irradiates in the direction of the ureter and further down into the groin, the canal and the external genitalia.

Often the pain is supplemented by nausea with vomiting, which does not bring any relief. In particular, these symptoms are manifested when the upper part of the organ is blocked - the renal pelvis and the upper part of the ureter.

Characteristic symptoms of the pathology also include the appearance of blood in the urine, which can be seen with the naked eye or detected only when conducting a laboratory examination.

If the obstruction is in the lower ureter, then there is a risk of frequent urge to urinate accompanied by pain. The severity of pain and other signs of colic in the kidney does not correlate with the size of the stones, but the addition of an increase in body temperature often indicates an additional infectious disease of the kidneys. This is especially true for people with fever and chills.

Diagnosis of the disease

Diagnosis of colic in the kidney is to implement measures that help to accurately compare the available data and establish a diagnosis. The specialist begins the examination with a general examination of the patient and a survey to obtain data on the course of the disease - manifestations of urolithic pathology in the past, a change in the shade of urine without pain, an increase in body temperature, swelling of the lower extremities, etc. Subsequently, the list of symptoms characteristic of the alleged pathology is checked.

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As for laboratory indicators, an important role is played by the general analysis of urine, when the concentration of salt and formed elements of blood increases in it. With an increase in the concentration of protein in the urine and leukocytes, the doctor presumes the presence of pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis. In this situation, special diagnostic measures are carried out to help establish the disease. With urolithic pathology, after the end of the attack of renal colic, blood appears in the urine.

Often pain in the lumbar region, which resemble a colic in the kidneys, may be manifestations of another disease. For example, with cholecystitis, appendicitis, pancreatitis, stomach ulcer, thrombosis, the symptoms of an acute abdomen can simultaneously develop with renal colic.

Some neurological pathologies have a syndrome similar in their characteristics to renal colic, but the nature of the pain is different. A distinctive feature of the development of intercostal neuralgia is not a cramping, but a constant character of painful sensations, in addition, the force of pain is correlated with the position of the patient's body.

Ultrasound examination is considered the main way to diagnose urolithiasis. Thanks to this method, the physician is able to observe patients with renal colic in dynamics. Ultrasound provides the physician with the necessary information about the course of the disease.

As for X-ray diagnostic methods, excretory urography and cystography are most often used, which are prohibited for pregnant women and children due to high ionizing radiation.

Treatment of pathology

When developing colic in the kidneys, what to do is decided by the attending physician. Therapeutic measures consist in the realization of two main tasks, namely, the coping of painful sensations, which are manifested due to the excessive strain of the capsule. And also the elimination of obstruction of the urinary tract.

The first stage of treatment requires the use of antispasmodics and analgesics such as atropine, diclofenac, drotorein, and the like.further it is required to establish the cause of the development of pathology and the degree of obstruction of the urinary canals.

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When diagnosing urolithiasis, the treatment depends on the size of the stones. Surgery, shaving with ultrasonic waves, reception of special preparations which can partially dissolve formations and facilitate their independent excretion can be carried out.

Treatment of colic in the kidney folk remedies is carried out by using special infusions and teas with the addition of rose hips, which produce a diuretic effect and relieve inflammation, so greatly facilitate the excretion of stones. Leaves cranberries have antiseptic effect and prevent the development of infection. Chamomile flowers relieve inflammation and pain.

The rest of herbal preparations should be treated with caution, because they can worsen the course of the disease. Complex therapy with medicines and herbal products helps accelerate recovery.

Recommendations for feeding

Patients are recommended a plentiful drink - up to 3 liters of water per day - this will help prevent the formation of new kidney stones. It is also better not to abuse products such as chocolate, meat, dairy products, salty and smoked foods, because they contribute to the increase in the deposition of salts in the kidneys.

Moderate physical activity helps to facilitate and accelerate the excretion of stones.

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