Focal education in the kidney: varieties and possibilities of transformation into oncology
Tumor tumor is called focal formation associated with the pathological growth of the renal parenchyma, which includes pathologically changed cells. From the nature of tumor growth are classified into malignant and benign.
Species of tumor neoplasms
Simple cysts in the kidneys are benign tumors that have typical signs during the diagnosis. Simple cysts can not be transformed into a malignant tumor and, as a rule, do not require subsequent treatment.
Complex cysts are not always benign neoplasms and can contain cancer cells. When diagnosing complex cysts, an operation is required to organize a histological examination.
Another type of tumor neoplasm is a solid tumor or a different parenchymal tumor that does not contain liquid. Such neoplasms can be benign, but more often they are malignant.
What are the most common symptoms of
? The main symptoms of tumor development in an adult are:
- The appearance of blood in the urine.
- Local pain in the area of the location of the kidney.
- A palpable tumor.
When a classic triad of these signs is found, the diagnosis of the presence of neoplasm in the kidneys does not cause difficulties for specialists. But it is important to remember that the listed signs in their association are not considered symptoms of the disease and at the same time are very rare. The triad of symptoms testifies to the neglect of pathology and serious complications in the kidneys.
How diagnosis of neoplasms
is carried out An important role in the organization of pathology diagnostics is given to ultrasound examination of kidneys and computed tomography. Nephroscintigraphy is often used for diagnosis.
Survey radiography or excretory urography does not represent any diagnostic value in terms of organizing early diagnosis of tumor neoplasm in the kidney.
From the study of the state of the main vessels of the organ, namely the aorta, vessels, the inferior vena cava, MRI is used with the introduction of a contrast agent.
The presence in the kidney of a tumor thrombus helps to determine the kavografiya, arteriography, aortography with the location of the neoplasm in the inferior vena cava. Also, these methods make it possible to identify the type of vascularization of the neoplasm and the presence of additional vessels. This diagnosis helps to correctly establish the scope and tactics of the implementation of surgical intervention. Puncture biopsy for the kidney is considered an additional method of diagnosis.
This is important!
Malignant metastases usually penetrate into bones or lungs, therefore, for each patient, if there is a suspicion of a tumor in the kidney, X-rays are taken, computed tomography of the skull, lungs and spine.
Treatment of focal education
The main way to treat tumors in the kidney is a surgical operation. With a benign tumor, resection is possible, if possible. When forming a malignant tumor, the most appropriate treatment is nephrectomy or radical organ removal.
With the detection of already distant metastases, the removal of the primary lesion of the organism makes it possible to prolong the life of the victim.
This is important!
Single metastases in the bones and lungs are not considered a contraindication for kidney removal, since their excision can be realized. Indication for organ resection is a single kidney tumor or bilateral lesion.
Radiation therapy is organized to improve the quality of life of a patient with kidney cancer and when surgery is not possible.
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