Diabetes diet: what can, and what not to eat?
Diabetes mellitus is associated with problems in the metabolism, with its appearance, a lack of glucose is associated. In this article, we will try to make out what is possible and what can not be eaten with diabetes.
If you have type 2 diabetes, the main value is food. In severe and moderate forms of diabetes therapy, the diet should be combined with the intake of insulin and the means that reduce the level of sugar.
In the presence of 1 form of diabetes, the main method of therapeutic treatment is associated with replacement insulin therapy. As an additional form of therapy is called diet and compliance with a suitable diet.
The consumption of carbohydrate-containing foods per day should be limited. How to understand how much carbohydrate is needed? All products have different amounts of carbohydrates and other food ingredients, and, in addition, differ in calorie content. To determine the daily rate of carbohydrates in food, medical specialists have invented the so-called bread unit.
What is it like? This is a kind of measuring instrument: one unit is equal to 12-14 grams of carbohydrates, which are absorbed in the body. Sugar is increased in blood with each bread unit by 2.8 mol / l. To assimilate the body with a normal amount of food, 2 units of insulin are needed.
If you want not to have high or low blood sugar, you should get a limited dose of insulin daily. Thus, patients with diabetes mellitus will be more effective in making their own diet, which will allow replacing products that have carbohydrates in them, for others.
In the main meals in the body should come about four units, during the afternoon snack and the second breakfast - one to two. The bulk of products containing carbohydrates should be eaten in the morning.
See also, type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The diet should be primarily balanced. Energy expenditure should be approximately equal to the amount of energy received in the diet. There must be a balance of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. To eat it is necessary several times a day, nutritionists are recommended about five meals.
Patients who have extra pounds should eat as much as possible useful products for the liver. They include oatmeal, cottage cheese, such products have lipotropic components. It is necessary to limit the use of fatty and rich soups and soups.
To maintain a normal weight in the diet should include sauerkraut, spinach, lettuce, peas green and canned, which will fill the stomach and improve the feeling of saturation.
Many products that contain a large amount of sugar, fat and fast carbohydrates fall under the ban.
Proper nutrition in the case of diabetes and is a fundamental principle of recovery and maintaining the body in shape. From sweets you can use only sorbitol and xylitol, which are sugar substitutes.
It is important to limit salt in the diet. Compliance with not particularly complex nutrition principles will help in maintaining normal sugar levels. It is not necessary to overeat, it is important to limit digestible carbohydrates in the diet. This is important not only for people with diabetes, but also for those who want to stay healthy!
If you have type 2 diabetes, the main value is food. In severe and moderate forms of diabetes therapy, the diet should be combined with the intake of insulin and the means that reduce the level of sugar.
In the presence of 1 form of diabetes, the main method of therapeutic treatment is associated with replacement insulin therapy. As an additional form of therapy is called diet and compliance with a suitable diet.
What is a "grain unit"?
The consumption of carbohydrate-containing foods per day should be limited. How to understand how much carbohydrate is needed? All products have different amounts of carbohydrates and other food ingredients, and, in addition, differ in calorie content. To determine the daily rate of carbohydrates in food, medical specialists have invented the so-called bread unit.
What is it like? This is a kind of measuring instrument: one unit is equal to 12-14 grams of carbohydrates, which are absorbed in the body. Sugar is increased in blood with each bread unit by 2.8 mol / l. To assimilate the body with a normal amount of food, 2 units of insulin are needed.
If you want not to have high or low blood sugar, you should get a limited dose of insulin daily. Thus, patients with diabetes mellitus will be more effective in making their own diet, which will allow replacing products that have carbohydrates in them, for others.
One bread unit is about 30 grams of black bread, half a glass of porridge or an apple. On the day the patient should eat about 20-25 units. Food should be divided into 5 receptions, they include standard breakfast, lunch, dinner, as well as a full afternoon snack and a second breakfast.
In the main meals in the body should come about four units, during the afternoon snack and the second breakfast - one to two. The bulk of products containing carbohydrates should be eaten in the morning.
See also, type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Diet number nine with diabetes
The diet should be primarily balanced. Energy expenditure should be approximately equal to the amount of energy received in the diet. There must be a balance of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. To eat it is necessary several times a day, nutritionists are recommended about five meals.
Patients who have extra pounds should eat as much as possible useful products for the liver. They include oatmeal, cottage cheese, such products have lipotropic components. It is necessary to limit the use of fatty and rich soups and soups.
To maintain a normal weight in the diet should include sauerkraut, spinach, lettuce, peas green and canned, which will fill the stomach and improve the feeling of saturation.
What can I eat with diabetes?
- 1) More than half of the diet should be animal proteins
- 2) More than 30% - vegetable fats.
- 3) Carbohydrates - about 350 gr.
- 4) Liquid - 1.5 liters.
- 5) Salt - 10-12 g.
Allowed in power supply
- 1) Bakery: buns, protein-bran, rye, wheat bread, as well as non-flavored confectionery.
- 2) The bird and meat. It is necessary to boil the meat or to extinguish it on fire. It is acceptable to eat rabbit meat, chicken, low-fat beef and veal, boiled tongue, high-quality diet sausage.
- 3) Soups: okroshka, vegetable, with cereals, meatballs.
- 4) Milk - after the doctor's permission. Cottage cheese is allowed, especially low-fat. You can add a little sour cream to the dishes.
- 5) Eggs in the form of an omelette, as well as eggs, added to other dishes.
- 6) Vegetable dishes. Cabbage, carrots, potatoes, cucumbers, radish, rutabaga, greens.
- 7) Fish dishes. Lean fish, canned food in tomato juice.
- 8) Unsalted cheese, vinaigrette, squash caviar, fresh salads with vegetables.
- 9) Groats, beans.
- 10) Vegetable oil and cream. The total amount of it should be 40 grams in pure form, as well as when added to dishes.
- 11) Coffee, tea with milk, decoctions of rose hips.
- 12) From fruits you can eat acidic and sweet and sour kinds: apples, cranberries, oranges and lemons.
What can not be eaten with diabetes?
Many products that contain a large amount of sugar, fat and fast carbohydrates fall under the ban.
- buns from puff and dough.
- smoked sausages and sausages, various other smoked meat, fatty meat.
- fats meat and culinary, margarine.
- mango and rice croup.
- soups on milk and fatty, rich broths. Sweet cheese and desserts, cream, salted cheese.
- canned in oil, caviar red.
- juices, especially sweet, lemonade.
- confectionery products.
- marinades, salted vegetables.
- sweet fruit that increases the level of sugar in the blood: dates, raisins, bananas and other sweet fruits and dried fruits.
- carbonated drinks.
- coffee is also not recommended, it should be replaced with chicory.
What should be an approximate menu for the day?
- 1) For breakfast, you can choose cottage cheese with low fat content, tea with lemon and porridge.
- 2) For the second breakfast apples - 2 pcs.
- 3) For lunch, soup from vegetables, boiled meat with low-fat milk sauce, light dessert in the form of jelly.
- 4) Snack can consist of a decoction of bran.
- 5) Dinner - boiled cabbage, steamed fish, tea.
- 6) You can drink curdled milk before bedtime.
Prevention
Proper nutrition in the case of diabetes and is a fundamental principle of recovery and maintaining the body in shape. From sweets you can use only sorbitol and xylitol, which are sugar substitutes.
It is important to limit salt in the diet. Compliance with not particularly complex nutrition principles will help in maintaining normal sugar levels. It is not necessary to overeat, it is important to limit digestible carbohydrates in the diet. This is important not only for people with diabetes, but also for those who want to stay healthy!