Secondary glaucoma: causes, symptoms, treatment and appropriate correction of the disease

This pathology, like secondary glaucoma, occurs quite often. By this term it is customary to understand a whole group of various diseases characterized by persistent increase of intraocular pressure, as well as pathological excavation of the optic nerve disk and narrowing of the visual fields.

This disease must be diagnosed and treated on time.

Causes of the development of

pathology Specialists identify various causes of secondary glaucoma:

• congenital malformations;
• inflammation in the ocular region;
• changes in the lens;
• vascular diseases of the eye;
• dystrophy and degeneration;
• common diseases, such as dysproteinemia, leukemia;
• intraocular cysts and tumors;
• trauma and surgery on the eyeball;
• use of drugs that promote the dilatation of the pupils.

Species of the disease

Specialists in the field of ophthalmology divide secondary glaucoma into several types:

1. Vascular, which in its turn is divided into phlebogypertensive( the increase in ophthalmotonus is caused by the increase in blood pressure in vorticoid and ciliary veins arising from compression of the upper genital vein andarteriovenous tumors of the orbit) and postthrombotic;
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2. Phacogenic, which develops when the lens is shifted;
3. Degenerative( uveal, hypertensive and hemolytic), which was caused by retinopathies;
4. Traumatic, which is divided into two types: wound( associated with numerous intraocular changes) and contusion( its occurrence is caused by damage to the trabeculae);
5. Neoplastic;
6. Secondary neovascular glaucoma, which develops due to ruberosis of the iris against the background of severe chronic diffuse ischemia of the retina.

Children often have traumatic and uveal glaucoma. In adults, however, it is more often possible to observe secondary glaucoma, which developed against a background of swollen cataracts, because of the transferred iridocyclitis with infection( with a pronounced) pupil, as well as due to blockage of the central vein of the retina by a thrombus. Since all these forms of secondary glaucoma have similar symptoms and a peculiar course, differential diagnosis is required with a pathology such as primary glaucoma in the acute stage.

Only an experienced ophthalmologist can diagnose an accurate diagnosis by examining the patient in a specially equipped eye cabinet.

What is the difference between a secondary glaucoma and a primary glaucoma?

Secondary glaucoma has a number of differences:

• pathological process is one-sided;
• disease can occur as a closed-angle( paroxysmal) or as an open-angle glaucoma;
• visual functions are reduced extremely quickly, only for one year;
• reduction in visual function is reversible if treatment is performed in a timely manner;
• type of the curve of increasing the level of intraocular pressure - inventory( that is, the rise is noted in the evening).

The main symptoms of the disease

As a rule, a person at first does not even notice that this serious illness develops. The main sign of the disease is steadily increased intraocular pressure, which provokes impairment of visual functions, steadily progressing in the absence of competent treatment. Patients suffering from this pathology complain of:

• pressing pains in the eye area;
• periodically appearing "blurring" of vision;
• appearance before the eyes of "rainbow circles".

If you do not apply to these otic symptoms when you see these symptoms, then gradually the field of vision in a person will decrease. As a result, a neglected disease can result in blindness.

Treatment of illness

It is recommended to avoid stress and fatigue. Sleep must be at least eight hours. You can not be in poses that cause a rush to the head of the blood, for example, wash floors or wash, bending heavily. Also, do not lift weights and go to the sauna or sauna. Use of liquid should be reduced to one and a half liters per day, and from smoking, strong coffee, tea and any alcohol in general it is better to refuse. It is necessary to comply with the milk-vegetable diet.

Staying for a long time in dark rooms is not recommended, as this dilates the pupil and increases intraocular pressure. Watch TV, stay at the computer screen and visit the cinema should be limited. But needlework and reading, on the contrary, are useful, since with this activity the pupil narrows and the intraocular pressure decreases. When referring to any doctors need to inform them about the diagnosis, such as secondary glaucoma, because with her some drugs are contraindicated.

Treatment of secondary glaucoma is aimed, first of all, at eliminating the causes that caused it. In the fight against this pathology, only laser or surgical treatment is effective. The most suitable method is chosen by the doctor, while focusing on the patient's condition and the type of his glaucoma. Doctors have learned quite well to do operations with secondary glaucoma, but patients should remember that the earlier they turn to ophthalmologists, the better the result of treatment.