Congenital omission of the kidney: causes of formation, symptomatology
Nephroptosis is an innate omission of the kidney when it is in the wrong position. Most of the complaints in patients with this diagnosis are absent. In other situations, the process of omission is the cause of retention of urine, infection of the urinary tract and urolithiasis.
How the kidneys of a person function
Kidneys are organs that are bean-shaped and about the size of a fist. Most people have two kidneys that are located near the spine just below the rib cage. They are responsible for filtering slag and excess fluid from the blood, which subsequently become urine and then gets into the ureter in the bladder. Urine accumulates in the bladder and is excreted during urination.
Causes of nephroptosis formation
In the process of embryonic development of a child, the kidneys initially appear as a fetus in the pelvic area or not far from the bladder. Over time, the kidneys of the embryo rise, but sometimes one kidney does not occupy the usual position and remains in the small pelvis.
The omission of two kidneys can be very rare. The omitted kidney can be located in a small pelvis near the bladder. In the process of embryonic development, the kidney begins to move beyond the midline of the body.
Organization of treatment of kidney lowering
If the kidneys are working correctly and the specialist does not detect a block for urinary diversion, then treatment is almost not required.
This is important! If, after diagnosis, the presence of a blockade has been established, then surgery will be required to correct the position of the organ in order to improve the drainage of urine. For the organization of reflux treatment, the surgeon sutures the ureter to the bladder to prevent urine back-casting.
With extensive organ damage, the surgeon can prescribe kidney removal. If another kidney works normally, then the loss of one of them will not affect human health in any way. Many people and after the removal of one organ live a full life. If the diagnosis and organization of the treatment process are carried out correctly, omission of the kidney will not cause prolonged and serious deviations in the state of health.
What complications can occur with the omission of the kidneys
With nephroptosis, urinary retention can occur - it begins to be thrown back into the kidney from the bladder. Misalignment often causes many problems.
In a normal state, the urine then flushes out bacteria and prevents them from multiplying and growing in the channels of urination. If the urine continues to remain in the urinary canals, then the bacteria spread in the body. Symptoms of infection are frequent urge and painful retreatment of urine, pain of the abdomen and lumbar region, elevation of the temperature regime and chills. Urine becomes turbid and has a specific pungent odor.
This is important! Urinary stones are formed from substances that are part of the urine - it's oxalates and calcium. Urine stagnating in the urinary canals, increases the risk of stone formation, because there is time to crystallize the substances. Signs of urolithic pathology - severe back pain, pelvis or side, the appearance of blood in the urine, chills and fever, the development of burning vomiting during urination.
If the urine stagnates, kidney damage may occur. For this reason, the body no longer correctly filters out excess liquid and slag. Symptoms include: swelling of the abdomen and legs, severe fatigue, nausea, headache. With the development of the terminal stage of failure, the patient needs urgent hemodialysis or organ transplantation. This complication can occur only if both kidneys are dropped immediately. Only one lowered kidney, even if it stops working, does not provoke kidney failure.
If the lowered kidney is located in the inferior part of the peritoneum or in the pelvic area, then it can suffer from blunt injuries. People with nephroptosis who take part in sports competitions should wear special protective devices.
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