Phacogenic glaucoma, signs of its development and treatment

Phacogenic glaucoma is a process of complication or consequences of various pathologies and injuries of the eyeball, in connection with the development of which there is an increase in the level of intraocular pressure.

Causes of development of

The disease can rarely be diagnosed in the eyes with white cornea, but this form can disturb a person regardless of age. At the same time, there is a risk of complete loss of vision - in 75% of cases.

The main reason for the formation of the disease is an increase in intraocular pressure due to an increase in the outflow of aqueous humor from the eye zone.

Fakogennaya glaucoma for a long time does not make itself felt, therefore later, in the absence of treatment, it becomes the main cause of the development of blindness in a person.

Types and manifestations of the disease

This form of glaucoma is classified into three varieties:

• phakotopic;
• is a phakomorphic;
• is phacolithic.

1. The phakotopic form of glaucoma develops because the lens is injured or mixed. At the same time there is a dislocation of the lens with affecting the anterior chamber of the eye or vitreous body. Sometimes the pathology shows signs similar to a closed-angle glaucoma. The main symptoms of phacotopic glaucoma include the following: slight vibration of the lens during eye movement, a noticeable lens shift, which is sometimes accompanied by pain, changes in intraocular pressure-periodic ups and downs.   
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2. Facomorphic glaucoma develops when the lens fibers swell due to traumatic or immature age-related cataracts. When this form of glaucoma develops, the lens volume increases and a relative pupil block appears. Depending on the structure of the eyes, an attack of secondary closed-angle glaucoma may occur. The organization of reduction of intraocular pressure indicators and subsequent extraction of cataract leads to complete recovery of the patient. Often this form of the disease affects only one side and complements cataract. During the biomicroscopic examination, the turbidity of the lens is established, excessive tension in the capsule, a large number of water gaps. The level of intraocular pressure varies depending on the manifestation of the swelling of the lens of the eye.   
3. The phacolithic form of glaucoma usually affects the eyes with overripe cataracts. In this case, large protein molecules emerge from the lens through a modified anterior capsule, and then the trabeculae filter is clogged. In its clinical manifestations, the disease is like the development of an acute attack of glaucoma. Accompanied by severe pain, redness of the eyeball and a strong increase in intraocular pressure. The main difference of the disease from an acute attack is the absence of a sign of the pupil block. The treatment process involves drug therapy to reduce pressure and subsequent cataract extraction.

Treatment of

The main objectives of treatment of phacogenic glaucoma are as follows:

• Decrease in the level of intraocular pressure to prevent subsequent irreversible impairment of the functions of the visual organs.
• Neuroprotective treatment.

Treatment in outpatient settings is performed with uncompensated intraocular pressure with the maximum possible use of special medications.

Often patients are assigned laser or surgical treatment, which helps get rid of the main causes of the pathology - cataracts, tumors.

This disease is formed in a child against a background of uveitis, eye damage or after the removal of congenital cataract. During the treatment of the disease, it is necessary to prevent the repeated development of pathology in advance, at times there is a need for repeated operations that help to reduce the level of intraocular pressure.

Patients are also given local use and taking special medicines.