Different ways to treat knee dislocation

The knee is the largest joint in the human body. The knee joint is formed by joining three bones: the femur, the tibia and the patella.

The patella( patella) is a small oval bone located at the top and in front of the knee. The patella plays an important protective role - it protects the joint structures from damage.

It should be noted that it is thanks to this bone that the quadriceps muscle is endowed with tremendous force for bending. The knee joint performs an important supporting function and assumes a load from the entire trunk during walking or standing. We should not forget about the most important flexion - extensor function of the joint. Dislocation of the knee joint is quite a frequent phenomenon. A dislocation of the joint is the change in the position of one bone relative to the other. This causes a complete loss of contact of the upper end of the tibia with the lower end of the hip bone.

In the knee joint, a shank dislocation or dislocation of the kneecap can occur. Dislocations can occur after a serious injury, bump, car accident. Often dislocations are the result of arthrosis or arthritis.

Symptoms and signs of dislocation of the knee

The dislocation of the shin can be attributed to one of the most serious injuries. The bone can be displaced outward and posteriorly( posteriorly dislocated) or posterior( posterior dislocation).With posterior surgery, the peroneal nerve is often damaged, and in the posterior dislocation, nerves and vessels passing under the knee.

The knee as a result of the received trauma changes its shape, and the joint completely loses its mobility, the limb is shortened. With dislocation of the patella, the patella is displaced due to sudden and sudden muscle effort. The person feels the strongest acute pain, the knee from the side has a slightly flattened shape, and the front increases in size.

When squeezing the popliteal vessels, the foot remains pale and cold, skin sensitivity is impaired. If the peroneal nerve is damaged, the back folding of the foot becomes impossible, the foot freely hangs.

Treatment and first aid for joint dislocation

The leg should be immobilized immediately with the help of a tire or with the help of improvised means. If the abnormality of the circulation is observed in the foot or shin, then it is possible to try to reduce the displacement of the bones. To do this, very carefully and slowly pull the foot along the longitudinal axis of the limb and slightly push the shin in the direction opposite to its displacement.

It is necessary to act very carefully so as not to cause additional trauma not to aggravate the trauma. In a hospital, if necessary, the doctor punctures the knee joint and removes the accumulated liquid. All procedures are performed with local or general anesthesia.

Next eight to ten weeks, a plaster cast is applied. Approximately on the third day the patient is prescribed a static type of exercise therapy, UHF.About a week later the patient is allowed to walk on crutches. After discharge for about a month, you can only move with crutches.

Full recovery is restored three to four months after the injury. With a dislocation of the patella, the victim can be offered an anti-inflammatory agent and immediately taken to the hospital to correct the knee cap under anesthesia.

The treatment consists in leveling the calyx, diagnosing the resulting injuries and strains, applying anesthetic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In severe discontinuities or sprains of the calyx, surgery is indicated.

A habitual dislocation of the knee joint

Some people, mostly athletes, dislocated the knee cap regularly enough. A similar condition is called a habitual dislocation of the knee joint. Constant prolapse of the patella can lead to arthrosis of the joint.

A similar phenomenon is observed when flattening the sliding paths in the femur. It is in this place is located the groove, guiding the kneecap. When the entry is flattened, the calyx is centered late or generally passes by the groove.

With repeated repetition of a knee joint dislocation, it is necessary to make a patella x-ray in different projections and conduct a detailed clinical examination. Unfortunately, medical gymnastics and wearing a tire most often in this situation do not bring positive results.

In most cases, the operation is recommended. After the operation, it is necessary to adhere to a sparing regimen for a month.

Congenital dislocation of the knee

Congenital dislocation of the knee joint - a rare orthopedic disease. This disease occurs in one for one hundred thousand living newborns. Every year in Russia about fifty children with such a vice are born. This vice is not related to developmental disorders, it is formed in the second half of pregnancy.

In girls, a similar anomaly is observed three times more often than in boys. As a treatment, joint fixation using tires, gypsum bandages, longiets is used. In more severe cases, an operation is recommended.

The operation is performed in children over 3 months old. If this anomaly is left untreated, the child will eventually not be able to stand and walk.

Prevention of the disease

It should be said that people with developed strong leg muscles very rarely suffer from a dislocation of the knee joint. Weak muscles do not properly support and control the joint. The best exercises for strengthening the muscles are rightfully considered walking, cycling and swimming.