Dislocation of the hand - first aid and subsequent treatment of the disease

Dislocation is the joint damage, which involves a persistent mutual displacement of the articular ends of the bones and a pronounced change in the inherent position relative to other neighboring organs. It is noteworthy that some people have a peculiar increased predisposition to various kinds of dislocations.

The reason for this strange phenomenon is the low depth of the joints in the joints, and therefore the heads of the bones are kept in a natural position not tightly, and the weak and thin ligaments can be stretched comparatively easily. So, for example, a dislocation of the hand often happens precisely because of the excessive softness of the ligaments.

Features of damage

Dislocation of the hand is a common traumatic injury, most often occurring as a result of a fall with an emphasis on the wrist or a direct strong blow to the area of ​​the wrist joint. The features of the dislocation of this joint are characterized by its anatomical structure, the position of the hand and the direction of action of the forces that caused the trauma.

Dislocation of the hand is a relatively common injury. There are several types of this damage, depending on the position of which particular joint was broken in the trauma.

• a true dislocation of the hand is very rare and is characterized by a complete displacement of the articular surfaces of the outer row of the bones of the wrist along with the brush relative to the radial bone surface. Much more often than the palmar type of a dislocation, there is a complete rear sprain. Such damage is often accompanied by a fracture of the radius.
• perilanar dislocations account for about 90% of the total number of such injuries. Characterized by the preservation of contact between the semilunar and radiused bone and its absence between the remaining bones of the wrist and their displacement to the center and rear.

In addition, several other types of damage are also isolated, but they are rarely diagnosed by physicians. Separately, it is worth considering such a trauma as a child's dislocation of the hand and its features.

As a rule, such traumas are not typical for children, since their ligaments and joints are much more elastic than in adults. It is very rare to diagnose a dislocation of the hand in the baby, but with the slightest suspicion, you should not risk and consult a doctor.

The main symptomatology accompanying the dislocation of the hand

When you dislocate the hand, it is quite easy to notice the deformation of the joint, especially since the person will experience severe pain in the damaged area. There are some signs of dislocation of the hand, by which it is possible to distinguish this damage from other injuries. Distinguish the dislocation of the joint from the fracture can be by careful consideration of the place of edema.

So, if the edema was not formed in the joint area, then, most likely, the result of the injury was not a dislocation, but a fracture. With such damage as the dislocation of the hand, the symptoms, in addition to severe pain and swelling, may also include a loss of sensitivity in the lower arm. The pulse in the patient is usually slow or vice versa, rapid. Even with full confidence in the diagnosis, do not try to fix the joint yourself.

With a true dislocation of the hand, the patient may complain of pain in the damaged area, severe limitation or complete inability to move, springing resistance of the muscles. All rear dislocations are characterized by bulging on the back of the hand and flexing their fingers. If, as a result of the damage, the median nerve is compressed, a sensitivity disorder is also detected. In any case, an accurate diagnosis can be established only after X-rays in two, and in complex injuries - in three projections.

First aid

In no case can dislocation of the extremities be controlled independently. There are some authorized first aid measures that can facilitate the patient's condition before being transported to a specialized institution. In the provision of first aid, the injured limb should be secured in such a way as not to disturb the forced position of the damaged joint.

To do this, you can apply a bandage or a tire. Directly to the site of the dislocation, you can attach a hot-water bottle with ice or cold water. After this, immediately send the victim to the hospital.

Implementation of the

treatment process

In new cases, all kinds of dislocations are corrected under local anesthesia or general anesthesia. As a rule, the surgeon and the assistant conduct the correction. After the dislocation is eliminated and the bone returns to its normal position, a control radiology study is performed. Then the damaged brush is fixed with gypsum for about two weeks.

With the adjustment of chronic dislocations( after three weeks or more), as well as dislocations complicated by bone fractures, as a rule, stage-by-stage surgical treatment is prescribed. Most often, the brush is then moved in two steps. More details on how to treat a dislocation of the hand can be found on the advice of a specialist.

In order to return the damaged joint full mobility and functionality, after a timely and adequately carried out treatment, the doctor appoints a special set of exercise physical therapy exercises.