Undeveloped pregnancy - frozen pregnancy
The desire to give birth to a child for every woman is the main issue in her life. Having made such a decision, the woman is set for the best result and hopes, first of all, for Mother Nature, which will not let her down. But sometimes it happens that a joyful event and good news about conception, that is, about the onset of pregnancy, can be overshadowed by the news of some pathology. And then, on the shoulders of a woman, severe trials descend, which she did not suspect. One of them is an undeveloped pregnancy. This phenomenon can be observed in every fifth to tenth of a woman, that is, in 10-20 percent of cases. This kind of violation of the natural process of procreation can happen at any stage, or, as it is customary to say - at any gestation period - up to 28 weeks.
Most often, the undeveloped pregnancy, that is, the death of the embryo in the womb at an early stage, also called a frozen pregnancy, is observed in the Ist trimester( up to 12 weeks). The most vulnerable are the period of embryo implantation(7-12 day of development) and the period of embryogenesis( from 3 to 8 weeks).The psychological consequences of this dramatic event are quite understandable. But to know the physiology of this process and focus on its medical aspects will be useful in order, as a result of studying the causes of such pathology, in time to choose a way of protection from it.
Implantation of the
Implantation of the embryo represents the moment of the origin of life, the very beginning of it, when two sexual cells - male and female - perform difficult and very delicate work( fertilization) to create an embryo, the development of which will lead to the creation of a new man. At this point, it would be incorrect to consider the onset of pregnancy complete. The ovum, fertilized in the fallopian tubes, which already becomes an embryo, continues its movement towards the uterus. This takes 7-10 days.
A much more important stage of embryo implantation is the successful insertion of a fertilized egg into the womb wall( its duration is 40 hours).If this does not happen, then pregnancy does not occur, and further process - embryonic development - does not occur. The female organism for its own reasons( "known to God alone," we say in such cases), rejects the newfound embryo as a malicious object. This deviation from the norm is an undeveloped pregnancy.
Embryogenesis
Still we will proceed from the fact that implantation of the embryo has happened successfully, and he has acquired, figuratively speaking, the ground under his feet, therefore, pregnancy has a chance to take place. Further development of the embryo until the birth of a person is of an exclusively individual character. This fact is due to a set of chromosomes. The fact is that any cell of our body, whatever role it plays, keeps one in its nucleus, but a double set of chromosomes( 46) is a single genetic information( to these cells, only red blood cells - blood cells that do not have a nucleus).But the sex cells - male and female( they are also called gametes), released from the sexual glands( ovaries and testes), have a single set of chromosomes( 23).At the moment of the fusion of two sex cells, when a single cell is formed - the zygote, their single sets are combined, forming a complete double set of chromosomes( 46), that is, the unique genetic information of the fetus. This information also ensures the individual characteristics of the future person, who will be formed and develop. This process is called embryogenesis.
It can be called an early period of individual development of a person from the moment of conception to the moment of birth.
Embryogenesis occurs in three stages with a duration of 7 days.
- At the first stage, the zygote breaks up( divide, doubling each time), while retaining its original volume, on all smaller cells. A multicellular structure is formed - morula.
- Subsequently, the small cells of the embryo are redistributed into layers, forming at first a single-layer embryo - blastula, then a two- and three-layer embryo - gastrula. This completes the second stage of embryogenesis - gastrulation.
- In the third stage, all organs and tissues of the future organism begin to form from the three embryonic layers.
Symptoms and signs
A woman at this early stage of pregnancy may not be aware of the failure of the embryogenesis process. It is not possible to detect signs of an undeveloped pregnancy for the reason that normal development of pregnancy can be accompanied by the same symptoms as in case of process failure. This means: the disappearance or even disappearance of toxicosis, increased appetite, a reduction in pain in the mammary glands - in the early stages of pregnancy;increase in body temperature, spotting, back pain - in the late stages of pregnancy. To detect and confirm the death of the embryo is possible only if the specialist performs ultrasound( ultrasound) or studies on hCG( blood test results are more accurate than the analysis of urine for hCG).
Reasons for
Who should I trust when I fail pregnancy? What is the reason for its spontaneous interruption? There is an opinion that there can be no reason that natural selection takes place. But the case of repeated pregnancy loss proves a serious cause. It can include common diseases of the future mother - disruption of the thyroid gland, kidneys, liver, diabetes, as well as difficult working conditions, malnutrition. To the causes of death of the fetus can be attributed to the myoma of the uterus and endometriosis.
The genetic factor. Chromosomal abnormalities are the most common cause of a stunted pregnancy( 50% of cases).The essence of the pathology is that the egg can not be fertilized with one, but with two or more spermatozoa. Therefore, the number of chromosomes instead of the double set( 46) becomes double or triple( 69 or 92).By natural selection, the mother's organism rejects such a cell - the embryo dies. Causes: smoking, alcohol, drugs, adverse ecology, as well as an internal genetic predisposition to the wrong distribution of chromosomes.
Infectious factor. Acute or chronic infection - viral, bacterial, fungal - in the early stages kills the embryo. In late pregnancy, the fetus can survive, but be born with an intrauterine infection.
Endocrine factor. The pathology of the endocrine system, resulting in a deficiency of the yellow body, thanks to which the progesterone is produced in the ovary - the hormone for the preparation of the entire female body for pregnancy, in particular the endometrium for implantation and further nutrition of the embryo. Often there is an elevated level of male hormones.
Autoimmune factor. The presence of antibodies to the tissues of the woman and the fetal tissues, the incompatibility with the immune sign of the child's parents. A fetal egg can be considered a female body as an alien because it contains at least half of the genetic information of the father of the unborn child. In response to the protection of the female body begins to produce antibodies that are aggressive to the embryo, gradually killing it. The fetal egg also perishes from increased thrombogenesis in the vessels of the placenta.
Than it threatens?
For every woman planning to become a mother, the termination of pregnancy is a shock, a severe stress, that is, a serious psychological trauma. Mental suffering can lead to depression. During this period, it is worthwhile to take care of your mental health.
The second important argument: to save a pathological pregnancy means to give birth to a child with pathology, and this is no less stress for the mother. Let it be better for nature itself to make its natural selection.
The consequences of an undeveloped pregnancy for a woman are unpleasant in the physiological sense. Frozen pregnancy results in a fetal loss - a miscarriage, after which it is required to make a curettage of the uterus. In modern medicine, there is an opinion about expectant management in the detection of a frozen pregnancy, with the hope that the uterus at the right time will reject the dead fruit by cuts. Such an independent expulsion is the most sparing for the female body. But control curettage is still required.
In the female body, significant hormonal changes take place in connection with conception. Such a significant transformation takes time to bring the female body to its original state. After a proper rest, it's time to think about the right approach to your health and lifestyle. Examine your body carefully and patiently, so that with a positive attitude you can safely take the next step - planning a new pregnancy.
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Why there is a dead pregnancy and abortion: