Morphological description of actinidia

Actinidia colomicta

Seeds are very small, have a mass of 1000 pieces about 1.0 g, in wild plants in the Primorsky Territory from 0.56 to 1.04 g. The seed is oval, brown or light brown in color. On the surface you can see the shape of a pattern of hexagonal cells. In the unripe fruits, the seeds are white, then become light brown and when ripe full ripening - brown. In the Amur region, wild liana a. The colomicta were heterogeneous in terms of the mass of 1000 seeds - from 0.7 to 0.8 g. The ratio of the length of the embryo to the length of the seed was 0.6-0.7, i.e.the embryo is quite large.

However, despite the size of the embryo, the seeds of actinidia are difficult to germinate. This is due to the depth of their morphophysiological dormancy.

Cotyledonous and the first true leaves of Actinidium scopes. At the top two rows - actinidium colomict, at the bottom one row - actinidia polygam

Sprouted seeds have very small cotyledonous oval leaves to almost round, 0.7-0.8 mm in length and width. At the apex, the cotyledons are slightly notched, on petioles that are shorter than the cotyledonous leaves. The first true leaves are regular, triangular-ovate, with a slightly cordate or rounded base. On the edge they are sharp-serrate. The stalk at the shoots is reddish. For seedlings in the initial stage of development, a rare pubescence of leaves with short light hairs on both sides, along the veins, is characteristic. In seedlings in the phase of the 5th-6th present leaf both in wild and cultivated plants, the stalk color is brownish-pink. Petiolus reddish, up to crimson color. The shape of the leaf is ovoid, with a cordate base, pointed apex, the margin of the sheet is notched. By the end of the first year of life by the fall, the seedlings reached 12-47 cm in height.

Actinidium of the argument

Seed of actinidia of the argument( increased)

Seeds a.the argument is somewhat larger than the previous species. They have an average mass of 1000 pieces around 1.2 g. This indicator is not the same for plants from different regions. Thus, the mass of 1000 seeds in the Primorsky Territory is 1.3-1.9 g. The color of the seeds varies from white to dark brown during ripening. The surface of the seed is patterned.

Staining of the stem to the autumn was in samples of different origins of dark brown, chestnut-brown or dark brown with a reddish tinge. In the second year of life the seedlings had a number of differences in the structure of the stem, leaves, petiole. So, out of 160 seedlings, 25-38% were branching, there were both curly and erect plants. Most had an oval or egg-shaped leaf, and 22% had a rounded shape.

The straight-standing seedlings had predominantly small leaves of 5.0-6.5 cm, and the lianaceous plants were with large leaves 8-10 cm long. At the edge, the serrate or serrate-serrate leaves were in 36-40% of the seedlings, and least of all with coarse-on the edge of leaves - 11-17%, with long petioles of leaves there were few seedlings - up to 25%.Mostly there were plants with short 1,5-3,0 cm long petioles - 58%.The majority of seedlings had a closed petiolate excavation in the leaves - 65%.In all plants, the base of the leaf was cordate, and the apex pointed.

Sprouts are small, with cotyledonous leaves 0.7-0.8 cm long and 0.6-0.7 cm wide. Their shape is oval, with a distinguishable notch on the top and with a rounded base. Consider the signs of real leaves and stems in the seedlings of the first year of life. Staining of the stem varies from light-green to pink, and leaves - light- or dark-green. The petite is light green or pink. Leaves oval or ovoid in shape with a rounded base, without petiolate excision, apex pointed. Leaves along the edge serrate, serrate or serrate or serrate. All seedlings are rarely pubescent from below and from the upper side of the veins with white short hairs.

Seedling actinidia of the argument in phase 4 of this leaf

Actinidia polygam

Seeds very small, weighing 1,000 pieces 0.9 g. They have a characteristic pattern on the surface. Coloring light brown, oval. Sprouts with very small cotyledonous leaves oval in shape, 0.6-0.7 cm in size. The first real leaves are ovate or oval, the base of the leaf is straight or rounded. The top of the leaf is pointed, with a straight or rounded base.

By the autumn of the second year of life the seedlings completely form permanent signs of the stem and leaves. Of the examined seedlings, 70% had a curling stalk - a liane, without branching. Less common were standing plants with a branching stalk. Most of the seedlings had an ovoid and broadly ovate form of medium-sized leaves. The plants with a large-sawed edge of the leaf blade predominated, with a cordate or straight base, a pointed vertex and a short stalk.

In the seedlings of the three species of actinidia, there are differences in the color of the stem, petiole, the shape of the base of the leaf. They practically do not differ in structure of the edge of the leaf, the apex and the shape of the leaf blade. Differences between the seedlings of the three plants touched the base of the leaf. In Actinidia, it is rounded or straight, without petiolate incision, in a.kolomikta - heart-shaped, with petiolescent notch and a.polygam - straight or rounded without petiolate excision. These characteristics are typical for plants, starting from the 3rd present leaf before the end of vegetation in the second year of life.