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  • Yarrow useful properties

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    Family Composite( Astro) - Asteraceae

    Achilles vulgaris( yarrow ) - The generic name is given by the name of the hero of the Trojan War Achilles, who, according to legend, healed the wounds of soldiers with the juice of this plant. The species definition is formed from the Latin mille - a thousand and folium.- a leaf that characterizes strongly dissected leaves.

    Yarrow is a perennial herbaceous plant up to 60 cm high. The roots are thin, numerous, on a thick creeping rhizome. Stem - straight, thin, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves are alternate, cauline, sessile, radical, cuttings, linear, twice-thrice-bicarbonate with pointed lobes. Flowers small, marginal white, reed, medium - tubular, yellow, collected in baskets and thyroid inflorescences. Receptacle convex, pleated. Fruits - achenes brown, white-clayed. Blossoms from June to September.

    Very unpretentious plant.

    Humidity requirements : unpretentious, in strong or prolonged droughts requires irrigation.

    Requirements for heat and light: grows well both in open areas and in partial shade.

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    Soil requirements: can grow on poor stony soils.

    Reproduction: by seeds( sown in spring or autumn by iodine in winter), by bush division, by segments of rhizomes.

    Usage: as a ground cover plant and for cutting.

    Geographical spread of .It grows on the outskirts of fields, near roads, on the borders, among shrubs, on dry meadows, forest edges, on the slopes of hills, etc. It occurs throughout the European part of the USSR, in the Caucasus, in Western and Central Siberia. It is widely distributed in Belarus.

    Medicinal raw materials are the tips of the inflorescence, leaves( grass) and roots. Collection of grass is done during the flowering period. Dry in the usual way.

    The leaves of the plant contain alkaloid ahilein, in leaves and inflorescences essential oil containing proazulen, pinen, borneol, esters, etc.

    The smell of raw materials is peculiar, fragrant, the taste bitter, astringent. Shelf life 2 years.

    It has been proven that achillein increases clotting, and azulene has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic action and accelerates wound healing. At the basis of the mechanism of the hemostatic action of the yarrow lies an increase in the number of trozibacites and a shorter time for stopping bleeding. In addition, yarrow strengthens the reduction of the uterine musculature, which determines its effectiveness in uterine bleeding.

    It is established that a 0.5% yarrow infusion increases blood clotting by 60%, which exceeds the action of calcium chloride at a concentration of 1: 200, 1: 500.The mechanism of the hemostatic action of the yarrow is similar to the action of calcium salts, i.e., it activates and never gives thromboses, its effect is moderate, prolonged.

    Procurement and storage: medicinal raw materials are grass and flowers. They are harvested at the time of flowering, in dry weather, cutting the tops of the stems no more than 15 cm. Raw materials are put in baskets and dried in the air in the shade, laying a thin layer on paper and mixing.

    The end of drying is determined by the fragility of the stems. Store in a wooden or glass container for 2 years.

    Billets of raw materials are produced in many areas of the country.

    Collection and drying. Collect the tops of no more than 15 cm of flowering plants. Flower baskets are collected by cutting the scutes, and before drying they are separated from the pedicels. The leaves are collected before the flowering of plants - at this time they are well developed and form a rosette rosette.

    With the correct preparation, you can use the same plots for several years in a row, then giving a "rest" to the thickets for 1-2 years. This event prevents the thinning of thickets.

    Dry raw materials in the shade: under sheds, in attics or in well-ventilated areas.

    When collecting grass and flowers, you need to use knives or scissors, since plants can break out with roots. Several copies are left untouched.

    Medicinal raw materials .Herb yarrow( Herba Millefolii) consists of stems with leaves and scutes no longer than 15 cm, there are separate baskets and their groups. Baskets ovate or oval, small, 3-4 mm long. The stems are pubescent, greyish-green, with alternate leaves. They are lanceolate in shape and double-bifurcated in shape, pubescent with hairs.

    Smell fragrant, peculiar, taste bitterish.

    Art.243 ГФ X admits: moisture not more than 13%;ash is not more than 15%;crushed parts passing through a sieve with a hole diameter of 1 mm, not more than 3%;stems thicker than 3 mm not more than 3%;organic impurity not more than 0.5%;mineral impurity not more than 1%.

    Yarrow flowers - Flores Millefolii contain scutes with flower stems no longer than 4 cm and individual flower baskets. The color of the wrappings is greenish, the ligulate flowers are yellowish white or pink, the tubular flowers are yellowish.

    Smell and taste like grass.

    FS 42-44-72 allows: moisture not more than 13%;ash is not more than 15%;other parts of the yarrow no more than 2%;scutes with peduncles longer than 4 cm not more than 5%;inflorescences that have lost normal color( maturing), no more than 5%;crushed parts passing through a sieve with a hole diameter of 0.5 mm, not more than 3%;organic impurity not more than 0.5%;mineral - no more than 1%;extractive substances extracted by 70% alcohol at least 17%.

    Yarrow leaf - Folium Millefolii should not contain stems and flowers.

    OST 7908/371 allows: moisture not more than 13%;other parts of the yarrow no more than 3%;crushed parts passing through a sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm, not more than 3%;organic impurity not more than 1%;mineral impurity not more than 0.5%.Chemical composition of .The herb and leaves contain vitamin K, achillein, which is methyl betaine, an essential oil that contains proasulene, a- and p-pinenes, camphor, borneol, thujone, cineole, caryophyllene, there are also acetic, formic and isovaleric acid,flavonoids( luteolin-7-glyco-zid, rutin).

    The flowers contain sesquiterpenes: matricin, milllefolide, balkhanolide, tannins, etc. The content of essential oil in leaves and inflorescences reaches 0.8%.

    The benefits of

    The medicinal properties of yarrow are known since ancient times. The plant has a vasodilating effect and an anesthetic for gastrointestinal diseases. It is used for various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in particular with ulcers and gastritis, it has a beneficial effect on the whole organism, normalizes secretory motor processes, as well as inflammation of the urinary tract. Herbal preparations are used as a bitter taste to increase appetite and as a hemostatic for internal bleeding - intestinal, pulmonary, hemorrhoidal, uterine, nasal, bleeding from the gums and wounds.

    Yarrow is used as a hemostatic for local bleeding( nasal, dental, small wounds, abrasions, scratches, uterine bleeding).In addition to the indicated indications, preparations of yarrow are used as a sedative, with neurasthenia, hysteria in the form of broths, infusions, extracts;are included in various charges.

    In official medicine, yarrow is used as an anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and wound-healing agent for gastritis, stomach ulcer and as an excitatory center of the secretory nerves of the stomach, as well as for atherosclerosis, influenza and catarrh of the upper respiratory tract.

    In folk medicine, the yarrow has been used for a long time both with poor appetite and for treating a variety of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: gastritis, peptic ulcer, digestive disorders, cholelithiasis, liver diseases, acute bronchitis, headache, scrofula,fright, kidney disease, bedwetting, hemorrhoids;to stop bleeding and accelerate the healing of wounds, with pustular skin lesions, various diatheses, with eczema they drink a decoction and make lotions on the affected areas and treat many other diseases.

    In addition to this, yarrow is used to increase the amount of milk in nursing mothers and as a diaphoretic and diuretic, with a heartbeat.

    Yarrow accelerates blood coagulability, wound healing and has a blood-purifying, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiallergic effect. Yarrow contributes to the proper metabolism.

    Yarrow oil should be used to strengthen immunity, as an exciting nervous system;at treatment of catarrhal diseases, liver disease, kidneys, intestines, stomach, helps with gastritis, it is recommended for radiculitis, arthritis, softens the skin, eliminating allergic reaction;has a powerful antifungal and antimicrobial effect;restores the skin after burns, ulcers, injuries.

    Recipes

    Ways of application: aromamamine - 1-2 drops;massage -4 drops for 10-15 g of transport oil;baths - 2-4 drops;compresses: 10 drops of yarrow oil plus 10 g of transport oil;inside 1 drop of essential oil for 1 teaspoon of honey for 1/2 cup of warm water 2-3 times a day.

    Broth from the mixture: 2 tbsp.spoons yarrow, 1 tbsp.spoon of ayr root, 1 tbsp.spoon of birch buds, 2 tbsp. Spoon leaves of bearberry are mixed and 2 tbsp.spoons of this mixture are poured into 0.5 liters of water, boiled for 5-7 minutes, removed from heat, insisted for 30 minutes, filtered and drunk all broth during the day in 4 divided doses with inflammation of the bladder.

    Infusion: 20 g of chopped herbs pour 300 ml of water at room temperature, boil for 15 minutes in a closed form and let it brew for 60 minutes, drain. Take 1 tbsp.spoon 3-4 times a day to improve digestion, like hemostatic inward and outwardly. Keep infusion in a cool place for 3-4 days.

    Tea made from yarrow flowers 15 g per 200 ml, 3 cups a day for uterine diseases and hemoptysis.

    Juice grass yarrow and rue juice, 25 drops each, drink diluted in grape or other wine of a small fortress with cardiac arrhythmias.

    Fresh juice is best used with honey to taste 3 teaspoons a day.

    Tincture of 30%: 40-50 drops 3 times a day.

    Yarrow infusion - 20 g of chopped herbs pour water at room temperature, boil for 15 minutes, insist for at least 45 minutes;store 3-4 days in a cool place. Take 1 tbsp.l.3-4 times a day.

    For cystitis, it is recommended to collect: 2 tbsp.l.yarrow, 1 tbsp.l.ayr root, 1 tbsp.l.birch buds, 2 tbsp.l.bearberry;2 tbsp.l.mix 500ml of water, boil for 5-7 minutes, insist 30 minutes. The broth is drunk during the day in 4 divided doses.

    When meteorism is recommended, medicine: 2 tbsp.l.yarrow, cumin seeds, 1 tbsp.l.fennel seeds, 3 tbsp.l.oat straw, 1 tbsp.l.ayr and 1-2 tsp.the root of valerian;3 tbsp.l.mix 3 cups of water, boil for 15 minutes, take 3 glasses a day.

    Ointment 1( in winter): 1 part of tincture for 4 parts of Vaseline( mix well).

    Ointment 2( in summer): take a handful of flowers and leaves, pound in mortar, until a uniform mass is obtained, and mix almost in half with melted unsalted pig fat( fat).

    It is better to apply the newly prepared ointment.

    Powder from roots perfectly helps with poorly healing wounds, juice from leaves - with bleeding and to treat wounds, old ulcers, etc.

    Tea from yarrow leaves is drunk with hemorrhoids, boils at a dose of 30 g per 1 liter of water.

    The presence in the grass of a fragrant essential oil( it includes azulene, pinene, berneol, etc.), bitterness and tannins allow this plant to be used as a gastric agent for increasing appetite and as an anti-inflammatory, as well as topical for treating wounds as a rinse.

    Infusion: 1 tbsp.a spoonful of flower baskets or flowering herbs are insisted 2 hours in 1.5 cups of boiling water. Apply infusion of 2 tbsp.spoons every 2 hours.

    Yarrow bugs excite appetite and improve digestion. Essential oil accelerates the intestinal peristalsis.

    Achillein increases the number of platelets in the blood, and vitamin K - the amount of prothrombin.

    Essential oil has an anti-inflammatory effect.

    Essential oil is obtained from inflorescences or the entire aerial part of the plant by steam distillation, yield 0.1 - 0.4%.The most valuable component is considered to be Hamasalen( 6 - 25%).

    In addition, the oil contains cineole, bornalacetate, camphor, linalyl acetate, etc.

    In folk medicine, the yarrow was used for pain, malaria, insomnia, urolithiasis, liver diseases, incontinence, as wound healing and hemostatic in case of heavy menstruation.

    The main properties that determine the internal use of yarrow: anti-inflammatory, carminative, spasmolytic, wound healing, krovoochischayuschee, as well as external - antiseptic, tonic.

    Indications for internal and external use of essential oil, infusion and yarrow tincture: loss of appetite, gastritis, inflammation of the stomach and gallbladder, flatulence, infections, bladder and kidney weakness, hemorrhoids, headache, neuritis, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, vaginitis, menopause problems, rheumatism, wounds, burns, ulcers, varicose veins, eczema, cellulite, sunburn.

    Increases blood clotting.

    When evaporation of the essential oil of yarrow, it has a positive effect on the psychoemotional system of the body.

    Dr. E. Bach recommends this oil for depression and menopause. Dr. Brown recommends essential oils of yarrow with irritation of the skin and internal organs, with irregular and poor menstruation and even with the loss of the uterus.

    It helps with conditions of anger, restraint and irritability, has a soothing effect on the mind. It is an antipode for alcohol and nicotine.

    Dermatology: eczema, furuncles, psoriasis, infiltrates.

    Dosage: aroma lamp - up to 3 drops;baths - up to 4 drops;massage - 4 drops per 10 g of vegetable oil;in-door and her use - up to 2 drops with one teaspoon of honey.

    As a styptic, yarrow was used for a long time, but then this action was forgotten and it was used in scientific medicine only as an appetizing raw material. During the Great Patriotic War, the famous Soviet pharmacologist MN Varlakov proved the hemostatic effect of the yarrow, and he again returned to medicine. Grass is prescribed in the form of infusion at the rate of 15 g. Of raw material per 200 ml of water for internal( intestinal, pulmonary, hemorrhoidal, uterine) and local bleeding( nasal, dental, small wounds, abrasions, scratches, etc.).

    We further studied the yarrow( VI Popov).It is proved that only leaves have a haemostatic effect, flowers are deprived of this property and therefore it is more expedient to use leaves for the preparation of haemostatic preparations.

    As a bitter-spicy raw material is prescribed to stimulate appetite, it is used for colitis, peptic ulcer, gastritis and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

    As an anti-inflammatory agent is indicated for various diseases, including inflammation of the urinary tract.

    Strengthens bile secretion and is therefore also used for diseases of the liver and gallbladder.

    Lotion with yarrow with eczema

    Requires:

    200 g carrots, 10 tbsp.spoons of herbs yarrow, 2 tbsp.spoons of honey.

    Method of preparation.

    Squeeze the juice of carrots, yarrow, mix them, add honey.

    How to use.

    Apply this mixture with a thin layer on gauze, apply to sore spots, rinse with warm water. The course of treatment is 10 days.

    Application in cooking

    The yarrow smell is slightly aromatic, the taste is moderately tart and spicy. Young shoots, flowers and leaves of yarrow are used for food as seasoning for salads, vinaigrettes, for vegetable and potato soups, for meat and fish dishes, and for preparing dark sauces. Dry leaves and flowers are used for cooking kvass, fragrant drinks, jelly and mousses.

    Decoction of young shoots, flowers and leaves of yarrow add to compotes and dough.

    Powder from dried leaves of yarrow flowers is added to soups and second courses 5 minutes before the end of cooking, it takes 1 teaspoon of dry powder for 3-4 servings.

    Yarrow powder

    Leaves and yarrow flowers dry in a ventilated room, grind in a mortar or bag, sift through a sieve. The powder is used to refuel and flavor the dishes.

    Salad with yarrow

    150 grams of sauerkraut, 25 g of green onions, 5 g of yarrow herb, 10 g of vegetable oil, spices to taste. In the cabbage prepared for salad, add chopped onions, young leaves of yarrow, aged in boiling water for 1 minute, add salt, mix and season with vegetable oil.

    Meat soup with Yarrow

    In meat soup 3-5 minutes before the end of cooking, add powder from the leaves and yarrow flowers.

    Roast with Yarrow

    For 5-10 minutes until ready to sprinkle meat powder from dry leaves of yarrow( 1 teaspoon of ya 3-4 servings).

    Dried yarrow

    20 g dried leaves and yarrow flowers, 2 cups cranberry juice, 1 cup honey, 3 liters of water. Yarrow in a boiling water and boil for 5-10 minutes. Infuse 2-3 hours, strain, add cranberry juice and honey, mix and pour into bottles.

    Contraindications: is not recommended for pregnant women who have had cardiovascular disease, and for children.