Useful and curative properties of enema at home

Using enemas at home can significantly increase the effectiveness of the whole complex of methods used in each case for treating diseases of the digestive system, relieve patients of the painful sensations of constipation, the accumulation of gases in the intestine and other disorders, provide the necessary quality of patient preparation for radiographic, endoscopic andother studies, to prevent the absorption of large intestine poison, which got into the body in acute oral poisoning. Extensive indications for the use of enemas in everyday life strongly require the inclusion of devices for their implementation in the family medicine kit of each family and, accordingly, get skills in applying this method of treatment. The setting of enemas, as well as carrying out any other medical procedures, should be carried out strictly in accordance with the doctor's recommendation. Otherwise, adverse effects can be unpredictably severe. Used cleaning, siphon, medicinal and nutritional enemas.

It should be emphasized that the independent designation of the following baths is not permissible: consultation with a physician. In this regard, it is useful to note once again that the uncontrolled holding of any kind of hydrotherapy is dangerous, since it can lead to undesirable, and in some cases even to serious consequences.

Cleansing enemas include:

- an enema of warm water ( 40-42 ° C): 1-2 L for adults and 0.5-1 L for children;

- an enema with a cute: , so much soiled white soap( baby, lanolin, velvet, etc.) should be added to the water so that the water becomes opalescent;Used for prolonged constipation;

- enema with salt: add salt to the water( 2 tsp salt for 1 liter of water, dissolve well);Used for hard feces;

- enema with vegetable oil: before the procedure in the water add 1/2 cup of table( sunflower, corn, olive, etc.) or linseed oil or warmed fatty paraffin, mix well and make an enema;apply especially with habitual constipation;

- enema with a laxative salt: , salt of barbara, Carlsbad, Morshin, English( sulfate magnesia) or other laxative salt in an amount of 1-1.5 st.l.for 1 liter of water( if the doctor does not give other recommendations);the salt is first dissolved in a small amount of hot water, then poured into water prepared for the enema and mixed well;is a reliable remedy for habitual constipation;

- enema made of vinegar with salt: for 1/2 liter of water 1 tsp.salt and 1 tbsp.l.vinegar;is a very potent agent used for prolonged chronic constipation in patients with a sharply reduced motor activity of the intestine;

- enema from sepia: 1 tbsp.l.dry leaves senna pour boiling water( 1 glass), cover, leave for 10 minutes, filter and add to the enema;exhibits a very strong bowel-emptying action;

- an enema made of chamomile: chamomile is brewed like senna leaves, and added to an enema;acts softly;

- enema with alum: 50 g of alum is dissolved in 1 liter of warm water;a remedy that works well when removing gases.

Small cleansing enemas ( 150-250 ml) is used to soften feces( vegetable oil with glycerin) or to facilitate the removal of gases( glycerin).Enema enemas are also used after surgery for hemorrhoids or after suturing the perineum to facilitate the movement of the stool and soften it. Small enemas should be done so that the patient delayed the injected substances in the body for 30-120 minutes, then, if necessary, make an ordinary enema from water or water and soap.

To small cleansing enemas are:

- enema from vegetable oil or liquid paraffin, warmed to 40 ° C;amount of 150-200 g;mitigating action.

- an enema made of glycerin: 60 ml of glycerol per 120 ml of water, warmed to 40 ° C;softens the stool and facilitates the escape of gases;

- an enema made of turpentine: 1-2 tsp.turpentine for 180-200 g of vegetable oil;promotes the escape of gases;turpentine strongly irritates the intestinal mucosa, so it can not be used in its pure form.

The necessary accessories for setting the enema are:

1) a reservoir for injected liquid, or an irrigator;Esmarch's mug, which is a glass, metal or rubber cylinder with a capacity of 0.75 to 1.5 liters with a flat or other bottom, but drawn on the edge of the nipple with a tube, is most often used;

2) thermometer for measuring the temperature of the injected liquid;

3) rubber tube, conductive liquid;it should be thick-walled, about 1.5 m long, up to 1 cm in diameter and have a valve for regulating the flow of fluid into the intestine, the other end of the tube connected to the tip;

4) intestinal tube - tip length of 8-15 cm;more convenient tips are rubber, glass and plastic;Tips before boiling should be boiled;

5) liner for preventing bed contamination;

bedpack.

Fluid for enema is prepared in advance.

The patient lies on his left side with his knees pulled up to the stomach to relax the abdominal press. If the patient can not move, he is put on his back. Under the buttocks substitute a bedpan, and on the sheet put an oilcloth, the free edge of which is lowered into a bucket or a basin in case the patient does not retain water. In the Esmarch mug pour 1-1.5 liters of water at a temperature of 40-42 ° C, lift it up and lower the tip down to release a small amount of water, and with it the air there. Fill the system, then, without lowering the mug, close the valve on the rubber tube. Check whether the tip is broken, well lubricated with petroleum jelly and begin to enter into the anus, previously with his left hand, pushing the patient's buttocks apart. Insert the tip 8-10 cm up and forward, and then turn slightly backward with slight rotational movements, overcoming the resistance of the muscle locking the anus. If there are protruding folds of the mucosa or hemorrhoids, you need to insert the tip between them, without touching them. If there are obstacles-the tube rests against the intestinal wall or in the stool, you must remove it by 1-2 cm and open the tap. Esmarch's mug is raised to a height of 1 m, and water under pressure enters the intestine.

When the tip is blocked with calories, it is removed, cleaned and injected again. Sometimes fecal masses are so hard that it is impossible to put an enema. In such cases, it is necessary to extract the feces from the rectum with a finger, having previously worn a rubber glove lubricated with petroleum jelly.

In the presence of gases and the appearance of a feeling of expansion in the patient, it is necessary immediately to lower the mug below the bed and, after the exhaust gases, gradually raise it again.

Leaving at the bottom of Esmarch's mug some water to prevent air from entering the intestine, close the valve that regulates the flow of fluid and gradually remove the tip with rotational movements.

It is advisable for the patient to hold water for 10 minutes. To do this, he must lie on his back and breathe deeply. At the end of the procedure, Esmarch's mug is washed, wiped dry and topped with gauze or a towel.

When setting the cleansing enema, you need to make sure that a large amount of liquid is not injected at the same time. If the bowel is not emptied after the enema, then it can be repeated several hours later, until the bowel is completely emptied.

Therapeutic( medicinal) enemas are used in those cases when medicinal substances through the mouth are impossible or contraindicated to enter. Medicinal enemas are divided into enemas of local and general action. The first are used to reduce irritation, inflammatory phenomena in the colon, erosion and ulceration in the rectum. The second pre-

is prescribed for medication administration.

For 30 minutes before the introduction of drugs into the intestine put a cleansing enema. The content of medicinal enemas should not exceed 50-100 ml in volume and should be heated to 38-40 ° С.Medicinal enemas are injected from a rubber can of 50-200 ml with a large syringe, put on a rubber catheter, which is injected into the rectum, or through a Janet syringe with a rubber catheter. All the instruments must be boiled thoroughly before starting the procedure. The end of the rubber tube( catheter, tip, etc.) should be well lubricated with petroleum jelly.

Microclysters of are used to administer therapeutics in the small intestine, from a few milliliters. On the syringe put on a soft thin catheter, covering the tip of the syringe closely. For 30-40 minutes before microclysters put a cleansing enema. Then, when the patient is on the side, a catheter fitted to the syringe is lubricated with glycerin or vaseline. While holding the free end with the left hand, the right inserts into it the tip of the syringe filled with the desired solution, and slowly squeezes this solution into the catheter. Further, while holding-squeezing the outer end of the catheter to prevent backflow of liquid from it, without removing it from the intestine, gently remove the syringe, suck in the air, re-insert it into the catheter and blow the catheter to push the remaining liquid.