How and why the abscess of the liver is formed, signs of a pathological condition

Liver abscess is a delimited accumulation of purulent mass with simultaneous destruction of a certain zone of the liver parenchyma, which develops due to the entry of germs or parasites into the organ of the flora. From the nature of the causative agent of the disease, bacterial and parasitic abscesses are classified.

Causes of pathological condition

By origin, amoebic and microbial forms of abscesses are distinguished. Most often, it is possible to meet microbial forms of pathology, provoked by the penetration of pyogenic microbes or a mixed infection into the liver. Pyogenic bacteria enter the liver in various ways - through the bloodstream in the portal vein and its branches or through the bloodstream in the hepatic artery, through the bile canals or through the lymph.

Microbes are able to get into the liver when it is injured, especially when foreign bodies are present, or as a result of the spread of the infectious process from various purulent-inflammatory foci in the peritoneal cavity - with cholecystitis, acute appendicitis, etc., with metastatic abscess ortyphoid fever. In connection with this, the abscess in the liver basically becomes a complication of other inflammations in the body.

Often it becomes difficult or even impossible to establish a primary focus of infection and then the abscess is considered a primary lesion.

Amoebic liver abscess or dysentery in a different way develops as complications after amoebic dysentery. Pathology is more common in countries with hot climates. Such forms of the disease usually develop after a few months or even years after curing of dysentery. A festering echinococcus in the liver can also cause the formation of an abscess in the body.

An abscess is usually formed on the right side, can be a single or multiple lesion. The size of the abscess differs - from small foci, the size of a pinhead and to very large foci, which covers almost the entire organ.

Signs of abscess formation

Patients affected by liver abscess complain to the doctor for unsatisfactory state of health, impaired appetite, sudden weight loss, pain in the hypochondrium on the right side, radiating to the shoulder, accompanied by hiccups and vomiting. Patients accept the forced posture - on the right side with the knees pulled to the stomach. A person with such a pathology takes a grayish shade, and sclera acquire icteric tint.

In most cases, the symptoms of liver abscess are as follows: fever, severe chills, profuse sweating, anemia, septic signs, sometimes accompanied by jaundice. During the palpation of the abdomen, an increase in the organ and its tenderness are revealed in accordance with the localization of the abscess. Sometimes. If the abscess is in the deep layers of the liver, then it increases evenly, and if there is a superficial localization, only the area of ​​the lesion is bulged, and with a large neoplasm, the entire upper abdomen is protruded.

How and for what purpose is the treatment process implemented?

Liver abscess is a severe lesion with high mortality risks. The illness is allowed only in hospital, because it will require a mandatory surgical operation.

Treatment of liver abscess is always a complex of measures, which is set by the doctor in accordance with the causes of the pathology.

The most suitable method of treatment in modern medicine is antibiotic therapy in combination with the drainage of the inflammatory process through the skin by ultrasound. If the drainage is ineffective, then a cavitary surgical operation is realized. With the amoebic form of the pathology, surgery can not be performed until the physician removes the intestinal infection.

With a single abscess and timely assistance, the predictions remain favorable.90% of patients recover despite long treatment. Single or multiple abscesses that have not been drained almost always cause death.

After cessation of the inflammatory process and removal of purulent components on the tissue in the liver, scar formation begins. But it happens that after a large abscess the person does not prolong the residual cavity for a long time. In addition, recovery will depend on the primary lesion of the organ that provoked the abscess.

It should not be forgotten that stretching or ignoring the healing process for an abscess in the liver can lead to irreparable consequences - the breakthrough of the abscess into the intestinal cavity, the stomach or the pleura. All this causes peritonitis or a purulent form of pleurisy. In this regard, timely and appropriate treatment will be required to achieve full recovery. If the abscess is left untreated, the formation of multiple abscesses that provoke a fatal outcome will begin.

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