Causes, signs and methods of diagnosis of thrombophlebitis of the upper extremities

Thrombophlebitis of the upper limbs is not as common as inflammation of the venous wall of the legs. In this case, the pathological focus is localized in the veins of the thorax, neck and arms. In thrombophlebitis of the upper extremities, both deep and superficial veins are affected. Veins and arteries of vitally important organs may fall under attack.

Strange disease

One of the most dangerous varieties of this pathology is thrombophlebitis of superficial veins. The strangeness of the disease lies in the fact that the exact cause, by which it arises and progresses, is still unknown to medicine. Thrombophlebitis of superficial veins can be a consequence of the received trauma, operation( actual for the abdominal zone), hypothermia or local inflammatory process.

Most often, this pathology is a consequence of the complication of varicose veins.

Dangerous factors

Modern physicians distinguish the following causes of development of thrombophlebitis of superficial veins:

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1. Presence of oncological pathology.
2. Consequences of complex surgical intervention.
3. Incomplete paralysis( 1-on the extremity is affected).
4. The presence of extra kilos.
5. Radical pathological fluid loss.
6. Complex pregnancy.
7. Age features( the disease affects people who have crossed the forty-year threshold).

In case of untimely intervention, the patient may develop a life-threatening complication, called pulmonary embolism.

Characteristic features of

The disease has specific symptoms, due to which the doctor has the ability to quickly establish the correct diagnosis. The characteristic symptoms of this pathology include:

• the presence of a permanent painful syndrome burning or drawing character;
• increased pain during physical activity;
• change the color of the skin on the current site;
• hypersensitivity of the current site;
• increase in the size of subcutaneous small veins;
• enlargement of lymph nodes in the groin.

When acute thrombophlebitis of superficial veins develops, in the actual area there is not only a perceptible painful syndrome, but also edema. There are also symptoms such as hyperemia of the skin, which often extends to other parts of the tissues.

When developing superficial thrombophlebitis, a person has a chill, and later the temperature rises. If the disease progresses to a relapsing form, a new pathological site appears.

Refinement of diagnosis

During the examination, the doctor, taking into account all the symptoms and complaints of the patient, focuses both on the affected limb and on her neighbor. The specialist compares the color of the skin on both extremities, assesses puffiness and pain.

How the doctor works

For thrombophlebitis of superficial veins, a person for a long time may not experience any discomfort. For this reason, he often consults a doctor when he needs treatment not only for the underlying pathology, but also for its complications.

Treatment of the disease can take place both on an outpatient basis and permanently.

The patient may be hospitalized if there is no treatment effect within two weeks.

Conservative methods

The main areas of treatment of the disease include:

1. Limitation of the load on the diseased limb( it is also recommended to reduce the motor activity).
2. Anticoagulant therapy, including the use of nadroparin, enoxaparin and dalteparin.
3. Use of anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic ointment - heparin.
4. Use of ketoprofen, diclofenac and other non-inflammatory anti-inflammatory drugs.
5. Operation on the patient's limb of elastic bandages, tights or golfs( in accordance with the recommendations of the attending physician).
6. Reception of anti-inflammatory drugs-phlebotonics.
7. Reception of immunomodulating anti-edeminal drugs( most often the doctor prescribes phlogenzyme or vobenzima).
8. The use of propolisoderzhaschih drugs that contribute to an increase in the tone of the veins and strengthen the venous wall.

Surgical methods

When a doctor decides on the surgical treatment of a pathology, he uses methods such as:

1. Vein bandaging.
2. Excision of pathological nodes.
3. Venectomy.

Folk wisdom

Treatment of the disease with the help of "grandmother's" advice should be carried out only under the strict supervision of a qualified specialist. To effective folk remedies should be attributed:

• tea, brewed with yarrow or St. John's Wort;
• horse chestnut( extract);
• apple cider vinegar( 1 teaspoon per 0.5 cup boiled water).

Conclusion

It is important to pay attention to proper nutrition and lifestyle. The menu of a person at risk should contain products rich in minerals and fiber.

It is also recommended not to allow the appearance of extra pounds and carefully monitor the regularity of the chair.

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