The principle of the car engine
What depends on the engine?
The engine depends on the entire movement of the car, because it is thanks to him that the car can travel both forward and backward. The power of the engine depends on how the car will drive, namely: driving dynamics and acceleration speed. The more powerful the engine, the faster the car will accelerate, both from the spot and directly during the movement. But exactly how much the engine is more powerful, so much more will it have fuel consumption.
Engine size
How the engine works The engine capacity( working volume) is the most important parameter of the engine, which is measured in liters or cubic centimeters. The engine capacity is equal to the sum of all its working cylinders. In order to calculate the working volume of one cylinder, it is necessary to multiply the length of the working stroke of the piston by the cross-sectional area of the cylinder.
Based on the calculation formula given above, the following types of engines are distinguished:
• Microliter( up to 1.1 liters);
• Low-cost( from 1,2 to 1,5 l);
• Medium-sized( from 1.6 to 3.5 liters);
• Large-scale( over 3.5 liters).
In addition to the volume, the following characteristics of the engine are distinguished:
• Power of revolutions per minute - the number of full revolutions of the motor shaft around its axis;
• Torque in rpm - the more torque, the faster the engine accelerates;
• Maximum speed - the maximum speed of acceleration of the engine;
• Acceleration to 100 km / h in seconds - for how many seconds the engine will accelerate from 0 to 100 km / h.
Principle of operation of the
propulsion mechanism Now that you have understood the main purpose and importance of the engine for the machine, let's begin to consider its operating principle. Since this question is of more interest to beginners, we will try to tell you about the engine, in as simple and accessible a language as possible.
The principle of the gasoline engine is that the fuel( gasoline) that enters the engine enters the cylinder, where it is compressed at the top. With the help of a spark that is supplied by an automobile candle, the fuel is ignited and due to the energy of this fuse the piston is pushed down( this action occurs with the remaining pistons of the engine).Pistons adjoin the edges of the cylinders, and their sliding provides engine oil, as a result of tight fit and create pressure at the top. Thus, the pistons create a circular motion of the shaft, which transmits its torque to the gearbox, which in turn transfers motion to the drive wheels of the car. The shaft has a curved structure so that during movement, the pistons are in different positions, thereby creating a permanent repulsion for rotation. Here, in short, what the principle of the gasoline engine engine is.
The operation of the diesel engine
The main difference between a gasoline engine and a diesel engine is that the diesel engine does not ignite the compressed fuel( diesel fuel) with a spark, and the fuel is injected into the compressed hot air that is in the cylinder,, which drives all the pistons. More subtle differences in the work between gasoline and diesel engines, for beginners, is of little use, so we will not particularly focus on technical nuances, but mentioned the most fundamental.
Principle of the car engine
How the engine works After you turn the key in the ignition switch to the "ON" mode in machines with an injector, the petrol pump starts to pump petrol out of the tank. To start the engine it needs to be turned inside, so when you turn the key to the "START" position, the battery supplies power to the starter, it starts to turn the engine to start it. At this time, the top of the engine begins to occur the process described above.
In old cars, such as the Volga, Zaporozhets and Moskvich, the starter's role could be played by a special handle that scrolled the engine in order to put it into operation( a curve starter).
In addition to the motion function, thanks to the engine, there is such a wonderful and convenient function as the power steering. In addition, due to the energy generated by the engine, it completely supplies the machine with electricity.
In order for the engine to work qualitatively, good fuel is needed. By the way, how to fill up the car we told in our previous articles.
cars have a very complex structure, which is difficult to understand. Today we would like to briefly tell you about the characteristics of the internal combustion engine of the car.
The engine is the heart of the car and it is impossible not to agree with this, since it is the engine that drives the car and it is not for nothing that it is the most expensive part of any car. When choosing a car, the engine occupies one of the most important aspects.
The article will include the following blocks:
What depends on the engine?
Engine size
Operating principle of the
propulsion mechanism Operation of the diesel engine
Modern