Reoencephalography( REG) - Causes, symptoms and treatment. MF.

Rheoencephalography( REG) ( synonym: cerebral rheography, bioimpedance plethysmography) is a method for diagnosing circulatory disorders in the brain. Carry out this procedure using a special device - rheograph. For the procedure, use metal electrodes, which are attached to the head with rubber bands, to enhance the sensitivity of the disc electrodes lubricated with a special conductor grease. Plate electrodes for rheoencephalography( REG) with a thin layer of contact paste applied on them are applied to the corresponding parts of the scalp, previously degreased with alcohol. With the most common frontomastoidal rheoencephalography( REG), one electrode is placed over the inner edge of the superciliary arbor, the other on the mastoid process. Then a weak current flows through the electrodes, through which the state of the cerebral vessels is recorded. The area of ​​application of the electrodes can vary, depending on the location of the point to be diagnosed.

Rheoencephalography( REG) -

is a non-invasive method for studying the cerebral vasculature, based on recording a variable value of electrical resistance of tissues when a weak high-frequency electric current passes through them. Is a kind of rheography. The physical basis of the method of rheoencephalography( REG) is the difference between the electrical conductivity of the blood and the tissues of the body, in connection with which the pulse oscillations of the blood filling cause, first of all, fluctuations in the electrical conductivity of the site under investigation.

Rheoencephalographic examination allows obtaining objective information on the tone, elasticity of the wall and reactivity of cerebral vessels, peripheral vascular resistance, the magnitude of pulse blood filling. Advantages of the method are its relative simplicity, the possibility of conducting studies in almost any conditions and for a long time, obtaining separate information on the state of the arterial and venous systems of the brain and on intracerebral vessels of various diameters.

Reoencephalography( REG) provides information on the intensity of cerebral blood filling, the state of vascular tone and the elasticity of the walls of the vessels, the state of venous outflow from the cranial cavity, and the reactivity of the vessels under the action of factors that alter the blood circulation. It is used for headache, dizziness, hypertension.

Rheoencephalography is prescribed in cases of craniocerebral trauma, stroke, as a prophylaxis and during periodic examinations, if necessary.

Special functional tests are used in studies to distinguish between functional and organic changes. The most commonly used sample is nitroglycerin( in small doses, sublingually), head turns, changes in the position of the body. As functional loads, hyperventilation( 1-2 min), respiratory arrest, inhalation of carbon dioxide, various( vasodilating or vasoconstrictive) pharmacological agents, orthostatic test are used, and sequential clamping of carotid or vertebral arteries is used to reveal the degree of development of collateral circulation. Sharply occurring shifts in blood pressure are reflected in the rheoencephalogram by changing the tone and even the level of pulse blood filling, which must also be taken into account when analyzing the curves.

Characteristic changes in REG are observed with intracranial hypertension;they reflect the corresponding venous and liquorodynamic disturbances. Usually difficult to objectify vascular dystonia is manifested in the REG by a picture of an unstable, vascular tone that changes over a short period of time. Useful information can be obtained with the help of REG on acute and chronic vascular lesions - violation of patency of the main vessels, acute disorders of cerebral circulation and their consequences, vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Practically important is the possibility of using REG to assess collateral blood supply. Most often the method is used to recognize atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels and to assess the degree of its expression. Important data of REG suggests in cases of acute craniocerebral trauma, in particular, for detecting subdural hematoma, with migraine, for monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment, objectifying the effect of drugs, especially vasotropic nature, etc. The use of multiregraphy( multichannel rheography) that extends diagnosticthe possibility of the method and allowing to study compensatory-adaptive mechanisms of reactions under various acute conditions.

With an increase in vascular tone on the rheoencephalography, the rise time of the pulse curve increases, the vertex flattenens, additional waves disappear. Decrease in vascular tone is characterized by a shortening of the distance between the Q wave on the ECG and the beginning of the wave, a decrease in the time of the ascending part of the wave, sharpening the vertex with 2 additional waves on the descending part of the curve.

Rheoencephalography( REG) is used to diagnose diseases:

Ischemia of the brain, stroke
Lability of intracranial pressure
Brain concussion, brain contusion
Head trauma
Headache
Dizziness
Hypertonic illness
Noise in the ears
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency
Vegeto-vascular dystonia
Brain blood flow disorder
Pituitary adenoma
Encephalopathy
Parkinson's disease