Blood tests
Capillary and venous blood are used to study hematological parameters. Taking a capillary blood is made by a laboratory assistant, venous by a nurse.
Blood is taken on an empty stomach, in the morning hours, and if necessary - at any time of the day. It should be carried out in disposable rubber gloves, before each glove take it should be treated with 70% alcohol.
When venous blood is taken, the veins are cuffed for 30 seconds, but no more. The clamping point should be 8-10 cm above the puncture site. In patients with cyanosis, larger diameter needles should be used( blood viscosity higher).
With intravenous blood transfusions or drugs, blood is taken as far as possible from the transfusion site.
The tubes with EDTA should be clean, tightly closed. The amount of blood needed for the study is labeled on the tube in accordance with the amount of anticoagulant placed in the test tube. The optimum concentration of EDTA salts in dry form is 1.5 ml per 1 ml of blood;in the solution, 1 μl of a 15% solution of K2 EDTA, or ED of EDTA per 1 ml of blood, or 10 μl of a 7.5% solution of K2 EDTA per 1 ml of blood. When a blood sample is taken, the tube is half filled with it. Then the content quickly filled with blood to the mark. When collecting blood, the test tube must be rotated. Do not get stuck! Immediately before the test, the blood is stirred by gentle rocking for 2 minutes.
Capillary blood in adults is obtained from the palmar surface of the hands, earlobes, in children - from the side of the heel, or the plantar surface of the big toe, or earlobe.
Depth of puncture - 2-3 mm. The skin is pierced with scarfcotter. The first drop of blood is removed with dry sterile cotton wool, because it contains pieces of damaged tissue. The second drop is used for research. Blood should not be squeezed out. Blood is collected into individual sterile pretreated trilon B capillaries from the skin and blown into sterile test tubes. Properly collected blood should be delivered to the laboratory no later than 1 hour after its collection. Fresh blood with an anticoagulant is maintained at 15-20 ° C for 2 hours.