Dystopia of the kidney and pregnancy, how it develops and by what means it is treated

Dystopia of the kidney is called the congenital pathology of the location of one or both of the kidneys. At the same time, they can move slightly towards the chest, ileum, etc.

Often this disease is complicated by the development of pyelonephritis, urolithiasis and other chronic lesions of the urinary system. Dystopia of the kidney and pregnancy are two processes that can significantly complicate the course of each other.

Causes of pathology

The reason for the formation of the displacement of the kidneys is their movement from the pelvic region to the lumbar region even at the stage of intrauterine development of the child. In this situation, the kidney can stop moving at any level.

Dystopia can be one-sided or two-sided, but mostly unilateral form is diagnosed. The bilateral form develops much more rarely and is usually cross - this indicates that the ureter emerging from the right kidney empties into the bladder or vice versa.

Species of the disease

Dystopia of the kidney is a congenital pathology characterized by its unusual localization. The lumbar, iliac, thoracic and crossover are classified.

1. Thoracic, when the kidney moves toward the chest, just above the diaphragm. In this case, the ureter and the vessels become longer than normal. The thoracic form is considered the most rare manifestation of kidney displacement and is detected in the process of chest fluorography above the diaphragm.
2. In ileal dystopia, the kidney is located in the iliac pit, and in two-sided lesions, two kidneys are fused. In this case, characteristic pains occur in the abdominal region due to pressure on the adjacent organs and weave nerves. In addition, there is a violation of urodynamics. The kidney begins to be probed in the abdomen in the form of a tumor neoplasm, so it is often confused with a cyst or a tumor of the ovaries and other organs. The diagnosis is made using angiography or excretory urography.
3. Lumbar, when the kidney is shifted towards the waist. As a rule, with such a shift, it happens, is deployed forward with a pelvis. The lumbar form of dystopy is characterized by the omission of the kidney in the lumbar region. At the same time, she can feel in the area under the ribs and sometimes the doctor mistakenly mistakes her for a tumor of the kidney or nephroptosis. Diagnosis is made through excretory urography or angiography of the kidney.
4. Pelvic, when the kidney is shifted towards the pelvis. With the development of this form of pathology, the kidney is located in men in the area between the rectum and the bladder, and in women in the area between the uterus and rectum. Clinical signs of pathology arise due to the displacement of nearby organs, which provokes their pain and malfunction. Sometimes pelvic dystopy is mistaken for a neoplasm in the uterus, and the diagnosis is made using excretory urography.
5. Cross dystopia, when the kidney is displaced towards the midline of the body. Often, both kidneys are located on one side of the spine, there is a risk of their adhesion. There is such a variety very rarely and it is diagnosed by means of angiography or excretory urography.

Symptomatology of pathology

Symptomatic of dystopia correlates with the location of the organ. The disease often manifests aching pain in the abdomen, lower back, irregularity of the cycle of menstruation in women. Pelvic dystopia is supplemented by pain in the rectal zone, and painful sensations are explained by pressure on the nerve endings of a particular section of the human body.

Also, with the development of the disease can manifest severe pain during menstruation, constipation, a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen, nausea, urination disorders. The cross form of dystopy can provoke chronic insufficiency. In general, such a pathology significantly worsens the work of the kidneys and can cause a whole complex of diseases.

In pregnant women, dystonia causes toxicosis, as well as the threat of premature delivery.

Treatment of the disease

The process of treatment of dystopia, as a rule, consists in carrying out conservative therapy, involving the elimination of the infection process, the prevention of the formation of stones and their subsequent excretion from the body.

In the development of pyelonephritis, course therapy is organized with the help of antibacterial agents, sulfonamides, which help improve blood circulation in the kidneys. Dystopia of the kidney, which is complicated by hydronephrosis or calculosis, can undergo surgery to remove stones or sand from it. With the death of the displaced kidney, the patient is shown to have a nephrectomy.

Surgical movement of the organ to its proper place presupposes some difficulties connected with the small caliber of blood vessels and the loose type of blood flow. And the final decision on treatment can be taken only by the attending physician.

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