How to get a bruised kidney, traumas and the organization of a suitable treatment
Kidneys are a paired organ that is located in space behind the peritoneum. They are protected from external negative effects by ribs and large muscles on the back, but despite this, a kidney injury is considered a fairly common organ lesion.
Causes of injury
The main causes of injury to the kidneys, as well as other organs, are injuries, namely:
- fall on hard surfaces or objects;
- hit in the lower back;
- prolonged squeezing;
- receiving household injuries;
- getting injuries in an accident, etc.
Symptomatic of defeat
In most situations, after getting an injury, it is possible to diagnose a kidney injury in a short time, because the symptomatology manifests itself immediately.
Contusion of the kidney symptoms are as follows:
- pain;
- detection of blood in the urine;
- swelling in the lumbar region.
The pain when getting a bruise manifests itself immediately - it is prickly, sharp, intense and localized in the place of injury. Hematuria or the presence of blood in the urine is the main symptom, and the duration of the blood test in urine can be used to judge the severity of the injury, but such manifestations may not always be proportionate.
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But even with severe injuries to the kidneys, hematuria may not appear - if the pelvis, ureter, or renal vascular pedicle are detached. With long unceasing hematuria, symptoms of anemia can develop. As a rule, the blood in the urine becomes the first sign, but sometimes makes itself felt only a few days after getting injured.
Contusion of the kidney during a fall can provoke the formation of swelling in the lumbar region from the side of the injury, sometimes the edema is formed in the area under the ribs. Tumescence is formed due to the accumulation of blood or blood in the urine in the cellulose behind the peritoneum or near the kidney.
In addition to these features, the following clinical manifestations can occur when an injury is obtained:
- blushing of mucous surfaces and skin;
- strong weakness;
- deterioration of well-being, reaching a shock state;
- nausea with vomiting;
- bloating;
- intestinal paresis;
- temperature increase;
- increase or decrease in blood pressure.
In case of a complicated injury of the kidney, severe consequences may occur, a clinical picture of the acute abdomen, indicating the development of peritonitis, appears. Often, a kidney injury can be supplemented by fracture of the ribs, damage to the liver or lung.
Diagnosis of damage
Diagnosis of the kidney injury based on the patient's medical history, the manifestation of the described symptoms and complaints, as well as after laboratory and instrumental examinations.
For an accurate diagnosis, a general urine test will be required to identify possible hematuria, a general blood test to identify possible anemia, and urinary samples.
In addition, instrumental examination methods are organized, for example, cystoscopy, radiography, chromoscystoscopy, excretory urography, ultrasound and angiography.
The main methods of diagnosis are X-ray examinations. The survey radiography makes it possible to determine the site of the lesion, fractures of the bones, damage to other organs, the presence of hematoma in the retroperitoneal space. Radiocontrast and angiography help to detect impaired renal function and impaired blood flow in them.
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The simplest and safest method of diagnosis is ultrasound examination. With the help of this method it is possible to establish all available changes in the structure of the renal tissue, the location and presence of hematomas.
If the listed methods can not help in establishing the nature and strength of the injury, and the patient's condition worsens, then the organization of excretory surgery is necessary.
If suspicions of injury to the kidney should be abandoned unnecessary movements and urgently visit a doctor. In the formation of subcapsular hematoma, movements can provoke rupture of the kidney capsule and severe complications.
Damage treatment
When answering the question of what to do with a kidney injury, it is important to remember that the treatment process is correlated with a variety of factors - the degree of impairment of kidney function, the severity of damage, additional damage to the internal organs and the complications present.
When getting a light injury, drug treatment is not required, and the treatment process is performed on an outpatient basis. Heavy injuries and bruises are treated in the conditions of the patient's stay in the hospital.
Therapy is to organize the following activities:
- application of cold on the area of trauma in the first stages;
- providing patient with complete rest;
- restriction of liquid use in any form;
- the organization of physiotherapy;
- organization of analgesic therapy - taking analgesics, novocaine blockades.
In order to reduce hematuria and hemorrhages at the first time after getting a bruise of the kidney, it is required to apply cold to the site of the injury. After a few days, electrophoresis is used, thermal procedures are performed, magnetotherapy is used to accelerate the resorption processes. If the patient experiences severe pain, then intramuscular or intravenous injection of pain medication is indicated. The process of restoring the kidney should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. The patient will need to constantly do urine tests. Blood, carry out ultrasound and X-ray examination.
This is important!
If, after getting an injury, a person experiences pain in the lumbar region, blood is found in the urine, then you should immediately contact a specialist for professional help. It is forbidden to make a diagnosis on your own and begin treatment. Initially, severe injuries and kidney lesions may not make themselves known, but they can subsequently provoke serious health complications.
If untimely treatment is administered, nephrectomy of the kidney, i.e., its removal, may occur, and the most severe injuries can lead to death.
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