Types of kidney cysts, their manifestations and treatment organization

Kidney of the kidney is a neoplasm, located in tissues, with a membrane and internal contents. Types of kidney cysts are classified by several criteria and allow more accurate diagnosis and subsequent treatment. Inside the cyst is a muddy liquid of a yellow hue, and the sheath is made up of a connective tissue. The ailment is often localized in the cortical layer, below or at the top of the kidney.

Two main categories of renal cysts are classified - simple and complex. Simple have one chamber and are filled with liquid, and the risk of transformation into a malignant tumor is very low. A complex cyst is characterized by a number of signs that make it potentially dangerous. It can be multi-chambered, supplemented with calcification, septa and broken walls.

Symptomatology of cystic neoplasm in the kidneys

The kidney cyst does not manifest itself for a long time, therefore the painful process proceeds asymptomatically. Often a cyst is detected on an ultrasound examination for another disease. Severe discomfort or pain in the lower back, periodic presence of blood in the urine, changes in blood pressure are typical signs of kidney pathology.

This is important! Symptoms develop when acute inflammation or festering occurs. Often a person complains of pain and heaviness in the hypochondrium due to stretching the kidney down. Sometimes the process of urinary diversion is disturbed, because the cyst compresses the parenchyma and prevents the outflow of fluid.

When the neoplasm greatly increases, the symptoms become more pronounced.

In addition, the renal cyst can provoke the following deviations:

• The formation of kidney stones.
• In case of severe inflammation or hypothermia, the tumor may be filled with pus.
• The cyst sometimes bursts as a result of an injury in the lumbar region.
• Sometimes it becomes a malignant tumor.
• Cyst increases the risk of kidney failure.

Existing varieties of renal cysts

Parasitic cyst of the kidney is a defeat of the organs of the genitourinary system by special helminths living in the human body. Kidneys are the organ that is most affected by such a defeat, it is on them that most of the parasitic diseases account for.

In the first stages of the cyst is not manifested in any way, but as the size increases, urine stagnation occurs, the organ's work is disrupted and pain in the lower back appears. The pain develops due to pressure on the vessels and nerves with a cystic tumor. The disease is characterized by general clinical symptoms. Patients complain of severe weakness, a high degree of fatigue, a rise in body temperature and fever. When forming a complete blockage in the lymphatic vessels, there is swelling in the scrotum, radiating to the legs. When parasites penetrate the organs of the reproductive system, their inflammation forms.

When the cystic tumor is located in the cortical layer of the kidney - it is called the cortical cyst of the kidney on the right or left. Simple neoplasms of this type are found in medical practice most often. The cyst begins to form because of an obstruction in the renal tubules, when the contents accumulate in their lumens, stretching them and forming a cavity. With time, the number of such formations in a person increases.

In its location, cysts in the kidney are divided into:

• Podkapsulnaya tumor.
• Intraparenchymal tumor.
• Cortical tumor.

The intraparenchymal cyst is located in the thickness of the renal parenchyma, and the cortex is located closer to the vessels and the renal pelvis. The process of treatment depends on both the variety and the size of the education.

A subcapsular tumor is called subcapsular in another way. The subcapsular cyst of the right kidney or left kidney has dimensions up to 5 cm in diameter, far away from the kidney, sinus of the kidney, ureter and main organ vessels. This neoplasm does not provoke urinary tract obstruction and does not imply the need for treatment.

This is important! Simple renal formations have thin walls, smooth and well defined edges and show anehogennoe contents during ultrasound examination. Any other cystic tumors that differ in these points are considered difficult.

Complex cysts can be triggered by numerous influences on the body, and in particular on the kidneys, pathologies. Both simple and complex forms can undergo transformation into malignant course.

Drug Therapy

The medicines known in medicine allow only to alleviate the painful condition of a person and to reduce the manifestation of symptoms. For this purpose, anesthetics are used, drugs that reduce pressure, kill the infection, restore the salt balance and facilitate the manifestation of urolithic pathology.

In patients, the inability to concentrate urine in the kidneys develops, so a fluid balance disorder occurs. It is required to drink at least two liters of liquid per day. In addition, blood pressure is greatly increased, and therefore, it is recommended to take funds that keep pressure levels at 130.

Prevent infectious disease is especially important for the female body. If possible, it is better not to allow instrumental procedures on the organs of the genitourinary system, and if an infection occurs, a long course of treatment with antibiotic drugs is required.

This is important! With acquired cystic pathology, a person is prescribed adherence to bed rest and taking painkillers while developing minor bleeding. In infections, a complex treatment is used - surgery and antimicrobial therapy.

Outpatient treatment of

With a small amount of cystic formation, drainage and subsequent sclerosing are realized. For this purpose, an elongated needle of small diameter is used, which is injected into the area under the cyst under the supervision of ultrasound. Thus, the liquid is sucked out of the cavity of the cyst and the substance that adheres the walls is poured in, usually pure alcohol. This drug is considered the most effective and the patient is almost immediately discharged home.

Carrying out the operation

The most suitable and effective operation is a laparoscopy. The technique is selected according to the location of the cyst. If it is localized in the back, then percutaneous operation is recommended - a non-severe operation, considered minimally invasive, which is performed with the help of an endoscope. The endoscope is inserted into the kidney through a cut on the body, and after the operation for several days the patient needs to be restored in a hospital.

Laparoscopy is prescribed for the formation of large or multiple cysts. To maintain the patient's condition at a satisfactory level, adequate nutrition is required.

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