Belching - Causes, symptoms and treatment. MF.

Erythra - sudden involuntary discharge into the oral cavity of gas from the stomach or esophagus, sometimes with small portions of stomach contents.

The eruption mechanism reduces to the following: with excessive ingestion of air or increased formation of gas in the stomach, the intragastric pressure increases, which leads to simultaneous contraction of the stomach muscles, relaxation of the cardiac sphincter and contraction of the pylorus.

Possible causes of burping

A healthy person in the stomach contains a certain volume of gases, the composition and number of which depends on age, nature of diet, lifestyle and so on. The size and shape of the gas bubble is determined by various causes not associated with the disease, for example:

1. Aerophagia - excessive ingestion of air during meals. This can be due to overeating, fast food, talking during meals, causing an eructation of excess gas in food, drinking strong drinks, and smoking.
2. Often eructation is observed with active physical activity immediately after eating.

3. Improper nutrition and inclusion in the diet of a large number of products such as fresh bread, beans, beans, cabbage and others.
4. Excessive eating.
5. The second half of pregnancy - the enlarged uterus creates an increased intra-abdominal pressure and raises the dome of the diaphragm, which can cause eructations.

Diseases with belching

Diseases in which eructation is observed:

1. Belching can be a leading symptom in diseases and conditions leading to disruption of the cardiac closure mechanism( cardia deficiency, dyskinesia, esophageal esophageal rheumatism, hiatal hernia, conditionafter surgery on the esophagus and stomach).The leading mechanism of eructation in this case will not be a spasm of the musculature of the stomach, but a decrease in the tone of the cardiac sphincter.

With achalasia of the cardia, symptoms such as belching of air, nausea, excessive salivation, burning sensation along the esophagus, bad breath caused by delay and decay of food in the esophagus.

Reflux esophagitis is manifested by heartburn, burning sensation behind the sternum, which arise or intensifies when the torso is tilted forward( there is a throwing of the gastric contents into the esophagus), pain due to the effect on the inflamed mucous membrane of the esophagus with gastric juice and bile, belching.

With , the gullet-esophageal diverticulum ( Zenker diverticulum) at the initial stage, patients note a feeling of scratching in the throat, dryness or strong salivation, awkwardness in swallowing, coughing, belching, the need to wash down food, gargle after eating. The disease usually begins after 50 years, among men 55-65 years old men predominate, and at the age of over 80 years - women.

Scleroderma of the esophagus is manifested by impaired swallowing, persistent heartburn, which is worse after eating;the defeat of the stomach and duodenum is manifested by pain in the abdomen, flatulence.

2. Diseases of the stomach and duodenum. Souring of acidic is typical for diseases accompanied by increased acidity of gastric contents or increased production of gastric juice( hyperacid gastritis, peptic ulcer disease).

Burp rotten occurs when stagnant and putrefactive processes in the stomach cavity, which leads to the formation of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the stomach. This symptom is characteristic of a number of diseases of the stomach( stenosis of the gatekeeper in decompensation stage, stomach cancer and stomach and duodenal ulcer) accompanied by achilia and achlorhydria( absence of hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes in gastric juice).

Often the burp is rotten most early during the exacerbation of chronic atrophic( hyposecretory) gastritis .With the course of the disease there are heaviness and aching pain in the epigastrium, a feeling of overflow after eating, nausea, regurgitation.

3. Diseases of the liver and gallbladder. With cirrhosis of any origin, patients complain of jaundice of varying severity, a feeling of heaviness or pain in the right hypochondrium, eructations, flatulence, nausea, bitterness in the mouth, general weakness, decreased efficiency.

Diseases of the biliary tract are accompanied by eructations almost constantly. However, for various pathologies, the eructation may change its properties and be combined with other symptoms: a bitter eructation will occur in the presence of duodenal-gastral reflux, and if there is no galling of the bile in the stomach, then there will be an eructation of air without an odor. With chronic cholecystitis( calculous and tubeless) often occurs flatulence and belching bitter. Accuracy in the diet leads to discomfort in the right hypochondrium, epigastric region, dull aching pain or heaviness, nausea, flatulence, intolerance to fatty foods.

4. Diseases of the cardiovascular system ( angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, etc.). Gastralgic( abdominal) form of myocardial infarction manifests itself in the pain syndrome in the epigastric region, sometimes in the right hypochondrium or in the entire right side of the abdomen. Pain can spread to the interlopar area and is accompanied by a belching of air, persistent nausea, vomiting that does not bring relief, bloating. The abdominal form of myocardial infarction should be differentiated with diaphragmatic hernia, exacerbation of peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum, pancreatitis.

Gastrocardial syndrome( Ouden-Remkheld syndrome) is a reflex response that occurs in response to irritation of the receptors of the stomach and esophagus. Usually, the symptoms appear after eating. Immediately after eating, there are pains behind the sternum or in the heart, heart palpitations, there is a disruption in the work of the heart: the feeling of stopping the heart is replaced by a feeling of "trepyhaniya."May be disturbed by dizziness, weakness, fright. Often increases blood pressure, there is a pallor of the skin, cold sweat. An eructation or vomiting( which patients have to call themselves) brings considerable relief.

5. With neurotic aerophagy , patients arbitrarily swallow air regardless of the meal. The eructation has a persistent character, does not depend on food intake, in rare cases can be permanent, stopping only in a dream, usually intensifies against the background of emotional stress and stressful situations. Thus the eructation has no smell, more often sonorous, empty.

Diagnosis in the presence of burp

It is necessary to pay attention to other symptoms indicative of the disease that caused eructation: diarrhea and flatulence are observed in irritable bowel syndrome, fatty food intolerance and pain in the right hypochondrium - with cholecystitis, epigastric pains associated with admissionfood - with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. The patient will have to pass some tests to clarify the diagnosis, the volume depends on the leading symptoms and assumptions of the doctor.

Laboratory and instrumental research:

• general blood test - signs of iron deficiency anemia( decrease in hemoglobin, erythrocytes), moderately expressed leukocytosis are characteristic for inflammatory diseases of the digestive system, an increase in ESR over 20 mm / h with scleroderma;
• general urine analysis - conducted as part of a general clinical examination;
• blood sugar - normal indices( 3,3 - 5,5 mmol / l);
• electrolytes of blood - a violation of the ratio of electrolytes;
• blood for antibodies to Helicobacter pylori( to exclude peptic ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori);
• Fibrogastroduodenoscopy( to exclude peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum, gastritis);
• X-ray examination, performed in the patient's vertical position, then in a horizontal position, this technique allows to detect the flow of contrast agent( barium solution) from the stomach into the esophagus, it is also possible to detect hernia of the esophageal aperture of the diaphragm, Zenker's diverticulum;
• esophagotho-kymography allows to determine the presence and degree of decrease in the tone of the cardiac sphincter;
• Esophagofibroscopy indirectly confirms the presence of cardiac insufficiency by detecting the transfer of gastric contents into the esophagus( gastroesophageal reflux).Due to the systematic ingress of active gastric juice into the esophagus, reflux esophagitis, peptic ulcer and then peptic stricture of the esophagus often develop. The absence of peristalsis caused by atrophy of the smooth musculature of the esophagus, as well as fibrosis, is observed with scleroderma;
• intrasophageal pH-metry( better 24-hour monitoring) - decreased acidity in the lower esophagus to 4.0 and lower with reflux esophagitis;
• Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity organs with suspicion of cholecystitis determine its nature( calculous or tubeless).

Treating eructations

If the belching is caused by inaccuracies in the diet or other causes not related to the disease, certain prevention measures should be followed.

1. Chew your food thoroughly, do not swallow large chunks.
2. Eliminate the use of chewing gum.
3. Do not drink heavily carbonated drinks.
4. Drink directly from a cup or glass, discard the tube.
5. Do not eat foods that cause excessive gas formation( beans, cabbage, etc.).
6. Eat small meals, but often: up to 6 times a day( especially important for women in the second half of pregnancy).

Treatment of burping folk remedies

1. Take half a glass of fresh cranberry juice and half a glass of aloe juice. Mix and add 1 tablespoon of honey and add one glass of non-boiling boiled water. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day for a week. Then alternate: one week - the treatment, two weeks - a break. Thus treatment lasts 6 months.
2. Take for collecting yarrow inflorescences, peppermint leaves, dill seeds for 15 grams, St. John's Wort - 30 grams, leaves of the trilitarian watch - 2 grams. 2 tablespoons of this collection are poured with 2 cups of boiled water, insist 2 hours, filter. Take two glasses during the day for 1 - 2 tablespoons per reception. The product is effective at increased acidity of gastric juice with constipation and acidic eructations.
3. Dry the root of calamus to crush to powder state. Take half a teaspoon of it 15 minutes before eating.
4. Decoction from the roots of elecampane( 2 tablespoons per 1 liter of water).Take half a cup 2 times a day before meals for 5-7 days.
5. Good warmth of goat's milk helps to regurgitate. Within 2-3 months take 3 times a day for 1-2 glasses.
6. In a ratio of 1: 1, mix potato and carrot juice to a total volume of 100 ml, take before eating 0.5 cups of this mixture of juices 3 times a day.
7. After eating, have a fresh carrot or carrot puree.
8. If you do not have carrots - eat an apple. And if there is an apple and carrots, make mashed potatoes from both ingredients.
9. Drink a little water before eating. Food is best not to drink.

Belching after eating causes a lot of inconvenience to a person. Eating is not a disease, but, importantly, it is often a symptom of serious illness. Therefore, if an eructation occurs, consult a doctor. Having established the diagnosis, the specialist will prescribe the treatment of the underlying disease. Getting rid of the disease, a person will get rid of eructations.

Which doctors should be treated with a stubborn eructation?

Therapist, gastroenterologist. You may need to consult specialists: cardiologist, dermatologist, thoracic surgeon.

Physician therapist Kletkina Yu. V.