Cough medicines( antitussives, expectorant pills) - Causes, symptoms and treatment. MF.
He does not allow to sleep at night and excruciates during the day, occurs suddenly, seizures can be prolonged, severe, often accompanied by choking and pain in the chest. This article will focus on cough and its treatment.
Cough accompanies various diseases of the respiratory system and, along with the temperature, general weakness and frustration, causes considerable discomfort. But at the same time, coughing is a natural protective mechanism that allows to clear the respiratory tract from mucus and microbes. Therefore, in most cases, for a speedy recovery, you need to make the cough as effective as possible. But, unfortunately, sometimes there are situations when the cough becomes dangerous and must be eliminated.
Treatment of cough should be in accordance with the type of cough. Let us dwell on this issue in more detail.
Medicinal expectorants
For of a damp cough , usually a cough for colds, drugs that dilute sputum( mucolytics) and facilitate its excretion( expectorants) are recommended. Anyway, their use leads to a cough relief, and after the course of admission - to its cessation. Currently, there is a large number of combined drugs that have both of these effects. For example:
Mukaltin ( Mukaltin, Mukaltin-LekT) - a drug based on Althea drug, is administered orally, 50-100 mg before meals 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 7-14 days. Children can dissolve the pill in 1/3 cup of warm water. Mucaltin is contraindicated for individual intolerance of the drug, with peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.
Bromhexine ( Bromhexine, Bromhexine-ratiopharm, Bromhexyne-Acry®, Vero-Bromgexin, Bromgexin-Rusfar, Bromhexine-Aegis, Bromhexine-Ferene®, Bromhexin-UBF, Bromhexine 8, Kashnol).3-4 times a day;children from 3 to 5 years - 0,002 grams, from 6 to 14 years - 0,004 g 3 times a day. The course is from 4 to 28 days. Contraindicated in pregnancy and in children under 3 years.
Ambroxol Ambroxene Ambroxol Ambrobe, AmbroGEXAL®, Ambroxol, Ambroxol Vramed, Ambroxol retard, Ambroxol-Verte, Ambroxol-Vial, Ambroxol-Richter, Ambroxol-Teva, Ambroxol-Hemofarm, Ambrolan®, Ambrosan®, Ambrosol, Bronhoksol, Bronhorus®,Dephlegmine, Drops Bronhoven®, Lazolangin, Lazolvan®, Medox, Mucobron, Neo-Bronchol, Remebrox, Suprima-Cof, Fervex from Cough, Flavamed®, Halixol®) - the doses of the drug are individual, depending on age and body weight. At home, it is used as a syrup and inhalation.
Carbocysteine ( Broncatarar®, Bronchobos, Carbocysteine, Libexin Muco®, Mucodin, Mucoproton, Mucosol, Fluditek®) - is used internally. Adults - 2 caps.or 15 ml( 3 tsp) 5% syrup 3 times a day;after improvement - 1 caps.or 10 ml( 2 tsp) 5% syrup 3 times a day. Children from 2 to 5 years of 2.5-5 ml( 1 / 2-1 tsp) 2.5% syrup 4 times a day, 5 to 12 years - 10 ml 2.5% syrup( 2 h.spoons) 4 times a day.
Contraindicated in: hypersensitivity, peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum, impaired renal function, acute glomerulonephritis, cystitis, pregnancy and lactation.
Acetylcysteine ( N-AC-Ratiopharm, N-acetylcysteine, Acetin, Acetylcysteine, Acetylcysteine, Acetylcysteine 20% inhalation solution, ACTS®, ACTS® Long, Wicks Active Expectomed, Mucobene, Muconist, Mukonex, N-AC-Ratopharm, Fluimutsil®, Exomuk 200) - the dose of the drug is individual. Inside, adults - 400-600 mg / day in 2-3 hours. A single dose for children depends on age and is calculated according to the table in the manual.
Folk remedies for cough relief and herbal remedies for cough
To facilitate cough, in addition to medicines, diet and folk medicine are used. It is established that milk contributes to the removal of bronchospasm, so that a variety of milk porridges, as well as drinks with milk, can be recommended to the sick. A well-known remedy for coughing is a grated radish with vegetable oil. Grapes have a healing and expectorant, so the use of grape juice can be a useful tool for coughing. In the tea, you can add rubbed together with peel lemon, mixed with honey.
Vegetable products also play an important role in the treatment of cough. It is no accident that decoctions of plants are part of many common cough medicines. For example:
• Extract of ivy leaves - Gedelix.
• Plantain - Bronchin, Stoptussin-Fito, Eucabal, Breast collection No. 2.
• Althaeum - Altemix, Breastfeeding No. 1, Mukaltin.
• Oregano - Breast gathering number 1, Bronchin.
• Thyme - Eucumbal, Stoptussin-Fito, Pertussin.
• Combined herbal preparations - Kofol, Doctor Mom, Kofrem, Suprima-Broncho.
Recipes of traditional medicine for cough treatment at home is very much. Here are just some of them.
• Take: altey( root) - 40 g, licorice naked( root) - 25 g, mother-and-stepmother( leaves) - 20 g, fennel( fruits) - 15 g. Add 2 tablespoons of the mixture to the thermos, pour ina glass of boiling water, insist 10-12 hours, filter. Drink 1 / 4-1 / 3 cup 3-5 times a day.
• Mix hot milk with alkaline mineral water( 1/2 cup of milk and 1/2 cup of Borjomi) or honey( 1 teaspoon of honey for a glass of hot milk).Take 1 glass three times a day.
• Cowberry juice with honey. Take three times a day for 1 tablespoon.
• A tablespoon of leaves of mother-and-stepmother is filled with a glass of boiling water, insist for half an hour and filter. Take a tablespoon 5-6 times a day.
Cough medications
If cough is dry, painful, without sputum excretion, interferes with normal sleep and is hard for the affected, then antitussive drugs will be preferred for its treatment. These are preparations of different groups, but their common property is oppression of the cough reflex. Examples of such drugs are:
Butamirate ( Butamirate citrate, Codelac® Neo, Omnitus, Panatatus®, Panathus® Forte, Sinecode®, Stoptussin) - the dose of the drug is calculated according to age. For example, for the preparation of Sinekod: inside, before eating( preferably).Drops: for children from 2 months.up to 1 year - 10 drops 4 times a day, 1-3 years - 15 drops 4 times a day, over 3 years - 25 drops 4 times a day. Syrup( measure the attached graduated measuring spoon): children from 3 to 6 years - 5 ml 3 times a day, 6-12 years - 10 ml 3 times a day, 12 years and older - 15 ml 3 times a day;adults - 15 ml 4 times a day.
The following side effects are possible during application: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, skin rash, allergic reactions. In this situation, it is necessary to cancel the drug. The drug is contraindicated: with pregnancy and breast-feeding, with severe renal failure, with myasthenia gravis. During the treatment is not recommended the use of alcoholic beverages, as well as drugs that depress the nervous system( tranquilizers, sleeping pills).
Duration of treatment with Butamirate derivatives is 4 days. If the cough does not pass during this time, you should consult a doctor.
Glaucine ( Broncholitin®, Bronchitisen® Vramed, Bronchocin®, Bronchoton, Broncholine sage) - the dose of the drug is selected according to age. For example, for Broncholitin: take in, after eating. Adults and children older than 10 years - 10 ml 3-4 times a day. Children from 3 to 10 years - 5 ml 3 times a day.
The following side effects are possible during application: general weakness, dizziness, nausea, lowering of blood pressure, allergic phenomena. In this situation, it is necessary to cancel the drug.
For each trade form of the drug there are contraindications. Therefore, before using, you should read the instructions carefully. Common contraindications are: myocardial infarction, arterial hypotension, cough with phlegm.
Libexin ( Libexin®, Libexin Muco®) - It is applied inside without chewing( to avoid anesthesia of the oral mucosa).Adults median dose is 100 mg 3-4 times a day( 1 table 3-4 times a day).Children the average dose is determined by the dependence on age and body weight - 25-50 mg 3-4 times a day( 1 / 4-1 / 2 table 3-4 times a day).The maximum single dose for children is 50 mg( 1/2 table), for adults - 300 mg( 3 tables).The maximum daily dose for children is 200 mg( 2 tablets), for adults - 900 mg( 9 tablets).The duration of the antitussive action of Libexin is 3-4 hours.
Possible side effects with this drug: allergic reaction, dry mouth or throat, stomach pain, propensity to constipation, nausea, fatigue. Libexin is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.
All drugs that suppress the cough reflex are absolutely contraindicated in the presence of sputum, as they can cause sputum congestion in the bronchi with the development of a purulent process.
Cough medications during pregnancy
The safest way to treat a cough during pregnancy is by inhalation. Inhalation can be done with a couple of boiled potatoes, with broths of sage, chamomile, mother-and-stepmother. Duration of inhalations up to 10 minutes. To ease cough, tea with linden, plantain, licorice will help. Hot milk has a good effect, along with alkaline mineral water or honey. The cough drugs that are allowed during pregnancy include: Bronchipret, Gedelix, Herbion, Mukaltin, Dr. Theiss, Doctor MOM.
Cough remedies for children
As a traditional medicine for the child, almost all recipes can be used, except for those for which the small patient has an allergic reaction.
From drugs in childhood from one year the drug Gedelix was allowed, from the age of three - Broncholitin, Libexin( the dose of the drugs is indicated above).As expectorating and thinning agents, APC, Carbocysteine, Ambroxol, Bromhexin, Mucaltin, Althea Root, licorice, Solutan, Pertussin, Codelac FITO and Dr. IOM are possible. The dose of the drug is selected in accordance with the age of the child's weight.
But the cough is not as harmless as it might seem at first glance. Under this symptom lies the mass of diseases from infections to lung cancer, so if you have a prolonged cough or other alarming symptoms, consult a doctor.
Situations where urgent medical attention is needed:
• A coughing attack can not be defeated at home.
• When rales in the lungs.
• When the temperature rises sharply against normal or moderately elevated temperature.
• If chest pain occurs, worse with coughing.
• When a foul sputum appears yellow-green.
• With a cough that, despite treatment, lasts more than three weeks.
In a medical facility you will be provided with timely assistance, which will prevent many of the serious complications that are characteristic of respiratory diseases.
Doctor therapist Sirotkina EV