Drugs for diarrhea( pills and other drugs) - Causes, symptoms and treatment. MF.
The sudden appearance of a frequent liquid or mushy stool is an unpleasant event, especially if it occurs in the most unsuitable place where medical care is difficult to access. The reasons - from the most banal ones - the change of the usual diet - to intestinal infections and exacerbations of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Understand this is the task of the doctor. And what if you do not have a quick access to a doctor, and you need to help yourself "here and now"?
Medicines for diarrhea
In this case, symptomatic antidiarrheal agents that can be purchased without a prescription will help to eliminate unpleasant symptoms. They are relatively safe and can reduce diarrhea regardless of the reasons that caused it. Let us dwell on them in more detail.
Drugs for diarrhea that affect the motor activity of the intestine
Slow the progress of the food lump in the lumen of the intestine, reduce the tone of the intestinal wall, reduce the secretion of fluid and mucus.
Imodium ( loperamide, LPDIUM, suppylol).Imodium - lingual tablets 2 mg( for resorption in the oral cavity).Advantages of this form of the drug - a faster onset of the effect( within 1 hour), the possibility of use in vomiting, difficulty swallowing. Or capsules of 2 mg each.
Imodium is the drug of choice for acute diarrhea of non-infectious nature( if diarrhea has occurred through the fault of changing the habitual diet, "stressful" diarrhea), travelers' diarrhea, infectious diarrhea of the mild and moderate course, irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea.
Adults with acute diarrhea - 4 mg( 2 capsules) at the same time, then - 2 mg after each act of emptying. The maximum daily dose is up to 8 mg per day.
For children, the drug is prescribed only under the supervision of a doctor!
Contraindications:
- ileus
- Children up to age 6 years
- Pregnancy 1 trimester
- breastfeeding
- are allergic to components of
drug - diverticulosis
intestine - ulcerative colitis
- pseudomembranous colitis
Imodium Plus ( loperamide + simethicone) in the form of chewable tablets. The tablet contains simethicone - a defoamer that adsorbs intestinal gases, thereby eliminating such unpleasant symptoms as bloating, a feeling of raspryaniya, spastic pain in the abdomen.
Adults and children over 12 years old - 2 tablets with the appearance of a liquid stool, then 1 tablet after each emptying. The maximum daily dose of 4 tablets.
In acute cases, it is preferable to appoint the lingual form of imodium, in case of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea, the usual form of the preparation( in capsules).
Admissible time of reception of an imodium without a doctor's consultation is 48 hours. Also, the medication should be discontinued if the stool is normalized or it was not more than 12 hours. With ongoing diarrhea, an in-depth examination is needed to determine the cause. It is important to remember that taking the drug should be strictly in accordance with the instructions, an overdose is fraught with the development of severe complications - paralytic intestinal obstruction and toxic expansion of the large intestine.
Drugs for diarrhea adsorptive and enveloping action( enterosorbents)
A group of drugs that are capable of absorbing through their physicochemical structure, actively bind water in the lumen of the intestine, toxin molecules, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, cover the mucous membrane of the intestine with a protective layermost, preventing further damage to it.
Smecta( dioctahedral smectite) . Aluminum-magnesium silicate of natural origin
Preferred for acute intestinal infections( in particular, viral etiology) and in pediatric practice. It is produced in sachets containing 3 g of powder.
Assigned inside between meals, adults 1 packet 3 times a day. The contents of the sachet are slowly poured into ½ cup of warm water with continuous stirring until completely dissolved. When standing, stir the suspension before use.
Contraindications:
- intestinal obstruction
- fructose intolerance
- hypersensitivity to the drug
- sugarase isomaltase deficiency
- glucose-galactose malabsorption
Children up to 1 g - 1 sachet per day, 1-2 years - 1-2 sachets a day over 2 years - 2-3 sachets per day
The contents of the sachets are dissolved in a bottle with water or baby food( 50 ml) anddistributed to several receptions during the day.
Recommended course of treatment - 3-7 days
Kaopectate ( attapulgite, neointestopan, reaban, capect).A natural purified mixture of hydrates of magnesium silicate and aluminum. Kaopectate is available in 750 mg tablets and as a suspension for oral administration in 230 ml vials.
Adults - 2 tablets or 2 tablespoons.spoon suspensions with the appearance of a loose stool, then 2 tablets after each defecation. For a day not more than 12 tablets and not more than 14 tablespoons of suspension. Suspension is taken before meals( 30 minutes). The tablets should be swallowed without chewing.
Children from 6 to 12 years - 1 tablet or 1 tablespoon of the suspension with the first liquid stool, then 1 tablet after each bowel movement. For a day no more than 6 tablets
Children from 3 to 6 years - ½ tablespoon suspension according to a similar scheme, but not more than 7 doses per day.
Contraindications:
- intestinal obstruction
- allergy to components of the preparation
- children under 3 years old
- tablets can not be given to children under 6 years of age
Neointestopan tablets 0.63 g. Adults - 4 tablets after onset of diarrhea and 2tablets after each act of defecation with diarrhea. A day does not exceed 14 tablets.
Children from 6 to 12 years - the initial dose of 2 tablets, followed by 1 tablet after each emptying. In a day not more than 7 tablets.
The admissible duration of taking these drugs is 2 days.
Entereroz( polyvidone). Powders in sachets of 5 g to prepare a solution for ingestion
It has good tolerability and stool-reducing effect. In acute infectious diarrhea is acceptable in complex treatment. Treatment of diarrhea with this drug can be done up to 5-7 days.
Take 1-2 hours after eating or taking other medicines. Dilute 2.5 g of powder in 50 ml of cold boiled water.
Adults - 100 ml 1-3 times a day.
Children over 1 year of age - 0.3 g per kg of body weight per day.
Age of child:
1-3 years 50 ml 2 times a day
4-6 years 50 ml 3 times
7-10 years 100 ml 2 times
11-14 years 100 ml 3 times
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the drug.
Polyphepan. The product of processing of lignin, which is a part of wood. Produced in the form of powder for oral administration for 10, 50, 100, 250 g. Has the advantage of in acute infectious diarrhea due to good tolerability, as well as in disorders of stool in children .
The drug is taken 1 hour before meals and other medications, stirring the powder in 50-100 ml of water.
Adults - 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day.
Infants - 0.5-1 teaspoon.
1-7 years - 1 dessert spoon.
7 years and older - 1 tablespoon 3-4 times.
Duration of treatment - 3-5 days
Contraindications:
- individual intolerance to
- intestinal atony
- gastritis with decreased acidity
- exacerbation of peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum
Probiotics. Contain microorganisms( bacteria, yeast) that can suppress the growth of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria and fungi in the lumen of the intestine, normalizing their own microflora and eliminating stool discomfort.
Enterol ( gelatin capsules 250 mg).Dried yeast mushroom cells of the genus Sacharomycetes.
It is used for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea( in particular, rotavirus), with diarrhea, developed against the background of antibiotics, travelers' diarrhea.
Adults and children older than 3 years - 1-2 capsules 2 times a day for 7-10 days.
Children from 1 year to 3 years - 1 capsule 2 times for 5 days.
Take 1 hour before meals with a small amount of liquid.
If necessary, the capsule can be opened and taken contents with cold water.
Contraindications:
- age under 1 year
- hypersensitivity to the components of the preparation
- central venous catheter
Linex ( capsules 280 mg).Contains bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, enterococci in powdered form for oral administration.
The indications are the same as for the drug enterol. The use of this medication is allowed from infancy.
Adults - 2 capsules 3 times a day, with a small amount of liquid.
Breast children and children under 2 years - 1 capsule 3 times a day. You can open the capsule and dissolve in a small amount of liquid( water, tea, juice).
Children from 2 to 12 years 1-2 capsules 3 times a day.
Do not drink with hot water or drink alcohol.
The duration of treatment is selected individually, from 10 days or more.
Contraindications: allergic reactions to the components of the drug.
Diarrhea remedies for pregnancy
The agent of choice for the treatment of diarrhea in pregnant women is kaopectate, as the most studied and safe for the fetus drug. According to the scheme for adults. The use of smectic, linex is also allowed during pregnancy. The remaining listed drugs are either insufficiently studied for routine use in pregnancy, or in studies revealed adverse effects on the fetus.
Folk remedies for diarrhea.
Rice broth. Pour 150 grams of rice 1.5 liters of water. Cook over low heat for 20 minutes. Drain the resulting broth, cool. Drink every 2 hours for 100 ml.
Decoction of dried blueberries.½ cup of blueberry pour 300 ml of water boil for 10 minutes. Take ½ cup 3 times a day.
Decoction of bird cherry fruit.1 tbsp. Spoon the cherry fruit with a glass of water. Boil 10 minutes, cool, drink ½ cup 3 times a day.
It should be remembered that the aforementioned medicines are means of emergency self-help, they allow delaying the time for medical consultation, mandatory in the event that there is no tendency to normalize the stool for 2 days.
When you need to immediately consult a doctor without trying to heal yourself:
- diarrhea does not go away and does not decrease after 48 hours
- stool frequency is more than 6 times a day
- stool contains an admixture of mucus or blood
- feces have black, tarrycolor
- fever above 38.5
- severe abdominal pain
- age 70 years and older
- diarrhea developed after taking antibiotics
- signs of dehydration( thirst, dry mouth, mmuscle spasms, dizziness, dark yellow urine or no urination for more than 5 hours).
Physician therapist SEV