Types of kidney nephritis: their differences and manifestations

Nephritis is a bilateral, diffuse process of inflammation in the kidneys, when the vessels in the glomeruli are mainly damaged. Types of kidney nephritis are classified according to the extent of the lesion.

In jade, the calyceal system, tubules of the kidneys, vessels and glomeruli are usually affected. The inflammatory process can develop independently or as a complication after any pathology. Mostly, the disease develops in women.

The main varieties of the pathology

Glomerulonephritis

It is a process of inflammation in the kidneys of the autoimmune nature, when the damage mainly glomerulus develops, slightly affecting the tubules. Glamorous kidney nephritis has an acute or chronic course with repeated remissions and exacerbations.

Chronic glomerulonephritis develops much more often and causes kidney failure. Primary glomerulonephritis is manifested by the violation of the morphological structure of the kidneys. Secondary glomerulonephritis manifests itself mainly after the transfer of pneumonia, angina, infections of the respiratory tract, tonsillitis and scarlet fever. Because. That the process is autoimmune, then the disease is actively developing. The patient complains of nausea with vomiting, severe thirst, headache and severe weakness. He suffers from diarrhea, and the skin and tongue dries out.

Pyelonephitis

It is an inflammatory process in the kidneys, provoked by the penetration of bacterial infection there. At the same time, the pelvis, the calyx, the renal parenchyma, especially its interstitial tissue, are most affected. Pyelonephritis is considered the most common type among all nephritis. The disease affects women more often at young and middle age.

Infection enters the kidneys through the flow of blood or ascending way - that is, from the bladder or urethra. Pyelonephritis also has an acute or chronic course. Symptoms of acute form consist in the development of pain in the lower back and in raising the temperature and nausea.

Interstitial nephritis

The process of inflammation in the kidney, which is characterized by damage to the interstitial tissue and tubules in the kidneys, as well as a malfunctioning organ. The disease is caused by a virus of chicken pox, rubella, etc., vaccination with antigens or the intake of toxic medications.

Radiation nephritis

It develops due to the influence of ion radiation on the human body. Thus, in the kidneys there is inflammation, causing dystrophy of the tubular epithelium and their subsequent atrophy. This form often has a chronic course and quickly causes kidney failure and signs of arterial hypertension.

The main signs of the development of jade

This is important! Clinical manifestations of the disease do not correlate with the causes of its development and always give the same information about themselves - general weakness, lack of appetite, constant thirst, dry mouth, head pain and low back pain. The volume of daily urine decreases, bloating, nausea, diarrhea, swelling of hands, feet and face. When examining urine tests, an increase in protein concentration is established.

The prolonged inflammatory process and the use of diuretics cause numbness of the skin, muscle weakness and seizures. This happens in connection with the loss of body nutrients such as chlorides and potassium. If, due to the development of jade, there is an accumulation of excess fluid in the cavity of the pleura or the accumulation of fluid inside the pericardium, the patient develops dyspnea and at rest.

Carrying out the medical process

If a nephrite is detected in the diagnosis of a person, the specialist prescribes complex therapy, which is related to the cause, stages and signs of pathology.

In acute form, treatment is usually performed in a hospital setting. In the early days of the disease, bed rest and a diet that involves limiting fluid and salt are required. If nephritis is provoked by an infection, you need to take antibiotic drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs. In the formation of large edema and a decrease in the volume of urine, diuretics are used. In a situation where pyelonephritis is supplemented by increased blood pressure, cardiac and hypotensive medicines are taken.

With glomerulonephritis, the focus is on the intake of glucocorticosteroids and cytostatics, which reduce the process of inflammation and limit the formation of antibodies to the kidney tissue. If nephritis caused a severe form of kidney failure, then the question is raised about organ transplantation or hemodialysis.

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