Why the kidney adenoma is formed and what affects the treatment process
Kidney adenoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the kidney. The reasons for its formation remain unknown, but there are high risks of developing the disease in smokers. According to its morphological features, the disease correlates with some forms of renal cell carcinoma. Doctors believe that it can be an early form of adenocarcinoma in the kidney.
The adenoma in the kidney can measure from a few millimeters to 3 cm or more. This tumor grows very slowly and has a dense structure.
Symptoms of the disease
Most often, adenoma of the kidney at the first stages of development proceeds without manifestation of signs of lesion and is diagnosed accidentally. When the tumor begins to grow, the following clinical signs appear: blood in the urine, an increase in blood pressure, pain in the lower back in the likeness of renal colic. In males, the widening of the lumen of the vein in the spermatic cord often develops.
If the tumor starts to press on the ureter and blood vessels, signs of oncology may appear, but this happens rarely. With a large adenoma size, it is easy to diagnose during palpation.
With a microscopic examination of the kidney, the adenoma looks like a low-grade kidney oncology. In spite of the fact that the adenoma is considered to be a benign tumor, modern medicine does not establish clear limitations., Which would allow it to be classified from oncology of the kidney.
Many physicians refer the disease to a precancerous condition in the first stage. The treatment process is organized in accordance with the standards of treatment of malignant neoplasms in the kidneys.
Diagnosis of the disease
Preliminary diagnosis consists in carrying out an ultrasound examination and analyzing the results obtained after it. Another method of diagnosis, which makes it possible to accurately determine the size of the tumor, its location and relationship with the system of calyxes and pelvis kidneys, is a computed tomography.
This is important!
The described techniques can not provide an opportunity to accurately identify the adenoma in the kidney from a malignant tumor. In addition, the result of a biopsy, that is, a histological examination, also often can not help to unambiguously distinguish a benign neoplasm from a malignant tumor.
Treatment of
If the adenoma in the kidney is asymptomatic and single, has a diameter of less than 5 cm, then surgery is not required, but dynamic patient observations are carried out, namely, ultrasound examination and annual computer tomography.
With a large tumor size and with pronounced clinical manifestations such as pain, blood in the urine, bleeding into the area behind the peritoneum, kidney resection or super selective embolization of the renal segmental arteries
is performed. Despite the good quality of the tumor neoplasm, the treatment process is basically organized according tostandards of treatment of malignant neoplasm.
Tactics of therapy are constantly discussed, but almost all urologists hold the opinion that a tumor less than 3 cm in size with its slow growth implies the conduct of ordinary dynamic observation.
This is important!
Neoplasm, whose size is 3 cm or more is perceived as malignant and involves the organization of surgical intervention - resection or nephrectomy of the kidney, depending on the information obtained after histological examination.
After diagnosis of the pathology of renal adenoma, do not delay treatment. Because the tumor can be transformed into an oncology during its growth. In this situation, surgery is the only way to get rid of the tumor. The operation is performed in two ways:
- Classical removal of kidney adenoma.such an operation is performed by means of a large incision in the lumbar region.
- Laparoscopy - allows you to get a mini-access to the tumor. Such an operation is realized after the conclusion of a specialist taking into account the stage of pathology and the state of the patient's health.
In general, the prognosis of treatment of adenoma in the kidney remains favorable, if we exclude cases of advanced diagnostics of large tumor tumors and their transformation into oncology.
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