Carnation varieties
Description. Among the two-year carnations the most common carnations are Grenadine and Turkish, which hibernate in the open ground without special shelter. Especially popular in our latitudes is the turkish carnation, or barbatus, beloved by flower growers for their unpretentiousness and long flowering. It is an abundantly flowering plant with numerous strong erect peduncles with a height of 20-60 cm, with linear-lanceolate leaves and small star-shaped flowers 1-1.2 cm in diameter, collected in corymbose inflorescences 8-12 cm in diameter with white, pink, red, dark redtwo- and three-color painting with strokes, strokes, eyelet or border. There are simple, double and semi-double forms. In the inflorescence, 20-30 flowers bloom simultaneously. There are many beautiful varieties, including those characterized by low growth( 15-20 cm).Flowering begins in the second half of in May and lasts about 1.5 months. A variety of carnation - clove Grenadine - a strongly branched plant 50-70 cm high. Flowers are terry, semi-double and simple, fragrant, 4-5 cm in diameter. The petals are all-edged and notched. Color white, pink, red. Blooms in June-July for a month. Both types of carnations are suitable for cutting and serve as an excellent decoration of flower beds. Carnation turkey, especially its undersized forms, is used as a soil-hollow plant, serves to create curbs, curtains, is planted in the foreground in front of tall perennials.
Kinds of Turkish carnations
Kupferrot - flowers are copper-red, petals are jagged, inflorescences large, plant height 50 cm, flowering in June-July. Sharlakhkenegin - flowers are bright sharlah-red, inflorescences very large, plant height 45 cm, flowering in June-July. Diadem - flowers are dark-karmazinno-red with a white eye, inflorescences large, plant height 45 cm, flowering in June-July. Haymatland - flowers are dark red with a white eye, petals are jagged, inflorescences are very large, plant height 45 cm, flowering in May-June.
Lachkenigen - flowers are salmon-pink, petals are notched, inflorescences large, plant height 45 cm, flowering in May-June. Schneibal - flowers are white, terry, crenellated petals, large inflorescences, plant height 40 cm, flowering in June-June.
Varieties of cloves Grenadine
Foerking - flowers are fiery red, terry, fragrant, large, plant height 45 cm, flowering in June-June.
Gloria - flowers are pure red, terry, fragrant, large, plant height 60 cm, flowering in June-June.
Rosachenigin - flowers are bright pink, terry, fragrant, medium, plant height 55 cm, flowering in June-June.
Cultivation and care. Both types of carnations have similar principles of cultivation and care, but there are a number of differences that must be specified immediately. Carnation Grenadine is light-loving, winter-resistant and drought-resistant. Soils prefer drained, fertile, loamy or lighter, with organic fertilizers introduced 2-3 years before planting, the location is sunny. On sites with stagnation of water, it dies because of the development of fungal diseases.
Carnation turkish is cold and frost resistant, not so demanding to light,
can bloom in the penumbra. Soil prefers fertile, seasoned with organic fertilizers. In drought requires watering, but does not tolerate too wet areas. The main feature of these crops is the two-year development cycle. Being a two-year-old plant, on the 3rd year of vegetation the carnation loses its decorativeness. Propagate it with seeds, cuttings and layers. The transplant is easy to transfer, so both can be grown in boxes on the verandas and balconies.
Seeds of biennial carnations are sown in the soil in the second half of April or in the fall( in October), before the first frosts, falling asleep with with a thin layer of peat or humus. To do without picks, they sow sparsely, if the picking is necessary, the plants are planted at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other.
In the spring, as soon as the snow melts, it is desirable to glaze plants with lapnik from the sun's rays. Lapnick leaves until the plants are not moved to growth. As soon as the growth of plants begins, the full mineral fertilizer( 30-40 g / m2) is applied to the clove and the soil is loosened. For a season spend 3-4 additional fertilizing. The ratio of nutrients in top dressing, applied under the carnation, should be changed in different phases of plant development. In the period of vegetative growth in the ratio of nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium should prevail first and last, during the bud formation should increase the proportion of phosphorus and potassium simultaneously, and during flowering reduce the phosphorus content by increasing the dose of potassium. Feeding plants better solutions, you can alternate mineral fertilizers with organic. From organic it is better to use infusion of mullein( 10 l / m2).
Carnation should be dosed. Recommended for watering two modes: raw - frequent watering in small portions and dry - rare watering in large portions. The frequency of watering depends on weather conditions. During flowering, you need to ensure that water does not fall on buds and flowers, as this reduces their quality.
Shabo, like the patchwork, is perennial, but in our conditions it is cultivated as an annual.
Prefers fertile loamy soils, better with lime. Does not tolerate acidic soils and fresh manure. Blossoms five and a half to six months after sowing, so be sure to grow seedlings. Seeds are sown in January-February, in a greenhouse. Shoots with two or three leaves dive into earthenware pots. In March, the seedlings are transferred to the greenhouses. Pinch over the fifth pair of leaves to cause forking. In the ground planted in mid-May to a distance between rows of 5J-60, between plants - 25 centimeters. Flowering begins in late June - early July.
During budding, plants are fed with a full mineral fertilizer - 30-40 grams of the mixture per bucket of water.
With the onset of frost, the plants are transplanted into a greenhouse or a room where they continue flowering in October and. November( sorts: Jeanne Dionysus - Relya, Rubin and Nero - red).
The Grenadine is a variety of Holland soil carnations. By decorative qualities, it approaches the carnation of Shabo. Blooms abundantly and continuously, beginning in July. Cultivated as a biennial, well hibernating in mid-zone conditions. The seeding period is very important for normal flowering. The earlier in the spring the sowing is carried out, the more abundant will be the flowering for the next year. It is best to prepare the ridge for early sowing in autumn( in spring - in the second decade of April - to sow the seeds.)
After thinning out the plants, they are left at a distance of 0.5 centimeter from each other. In the first half of July, they are transplanted to a permanent place.they will get accustomed and move to growth, they are fed with a full mineral fertilizer, 25-30 grams of mixture per bucket of water.
Carnation Grenadine, like Turkish, is prone to severe damage to mice, so in winter, In the spring of next year, at the end of May, that is, during the beginning of budding, they are fed with phosphorous and potash fertilizers.
Turkish, or bearded, carnations cultivated as biennials. According to decorative qualities, it differs significantly from the previous two.collected in lush inflorescences - umbrellas - on a long strong peduncle, the color of the inflorescence is carmine-red, white, pink, monophonic and variegated. Flowers for a long time are preserved in the cut.
Seed sowing is produced at the end of May in ridges of open ground, thin out, dive. By early August, small rosettes of leaves develop, which are planted in a permanent place at a distance of 20-30 centimeters from each other. It is possible to plant seedlings in the spring, but better in the previous summer.
In winter, measures must be taken against mice. When appearing on the leaves, the rust is dusted with sulfuric color, the severely affected plants are removed.
The best grade of Turkish carnation is Diadem.