Sinus cysts of the kidney: causes and symptoms of the disease. Need for surgical intervention
As a rule, renal cysts are congenital in nature, with the exception of situations in which sinus cysts of the kidneys are formed. They often become the results of the transferred pathological condition.
This is important! These cystic lesions belong to the group of simple cysts and are usually found in the sinus of the kidney or at the organ gates. This pathology mainly affects the female body after the age of fifty.
What are the causes of sinus cysts?
The reasons for the formation of sinus cysts are not fully understood by physicians. They believe that this anomaly is an inherent defeat in the formation of the kidney at a time when the baby is still at the embryo stage. In connection with this cyst is rarely diagnosed in childhood.
Mechanisms of anomaly formation. In any part of the human body, the formation of cysts occurs in accordance with general principles, but with a certain amount of digression. This also applies to the kidneys:
- Due to the influence on the kidney of certain etiological factors, the formation of the cavity begins. This is a vessel that is isolated from the general bloodstream. Kanalic kidney begins to be delimited from the others. It can also be a tissue cavity, which remains from the action of a solid. In addition, the cavity is able to form because of the development of the pathological process in the renal parenchyma
- . The cavity begins to fill with the fluid of the connective tissue. This can happen in the process of its formation or immediately after the completion of this process. In any situation, the sinus cyst of the right kidney or left kidney is not kept empty.
- Formation of a cystic capsule made of connective tissue fibers. So, it happens because of the establishment of colleague molecules along the perimeter of the neoplasm.
Symptoms and main manifestations of the formation of the sinus cyst
Most often, the pathology proceeds without a pronounced symptomatology. Sinus cyst of the right or left kidney is diagnosed by ultrasound, even when a person is completely unaware of its presence.
If the diameter of the cyst is more than 5 cm, then the following symptoms of the lesion are manifested:
- Pain. The patient begins to complain of aching blunt pains in the lumbar region and in the area under the ribs from one side, depending on the site of localization of cystic education. Acute pain occurs extremely rarely.
- Raising blood pressure - this process is associated with increased production of the hormone renin, the synthesis of which passes exactly in the kidney.
- The appearance of blood in the urine - in the laboratory examination of urine tests, it diagnoses the presence of red blood cells.
As already mentioned, most sinus cysts of the kidneys are not accompanied by symptoms, but sometimes declare their presence through nonspecific signs. But these signs do not specifically indicate the presence of cystic kidney pathology.
Back pain is the most common manifestation of a lesion, but most kidney diseases cause it. Its development against a cyst is correlated with direct or indirect mechanical influence on the capsule. Pain can only talk about the localization of an anomaly. For example, the sinus cyst of the left kidney provokes only left-sided pain, even if the pain sensations will spread, then they will be localized exclusively on the left. Accordingly, the cyst on the right causes pain on the right side.
Pain is impassable blunt and aching in nature and markedly enhanced during movement. At the same time, the increase in blood pressure begins because of the strong pressure on the kidney vessels.
If the formation of the parenchymal cystic formation becomes unimportant the purpose of the squeezed vessel, then in the formation of the sinus cyst, the purpose and the number of squeezed vessels is very important. Also, these cysts promote the rise of arterial pressure at a mechanical pressure on the arteries of the kidney.
This is important! The mechanism of pressure increase correlates with the activation of the PAA system in the body through oxygen deficiency in the nephrotic apparatus. Under the influence of the renin kidney produced by cells and its transformation into the angiotensin hormone, the overall peripheral resistance in the vessels increases. This resistance is considered a factor involved in the formation of blood pressure.
The rise in the temperature regime is correlated with the activation of the work of pyrogenic molecules on the centers of thermoregulation in the hypothalamus. The pyrogenic activity is caused by polysaccharides, which are included in the composition of the shell of bacterial organisms. In this regard, the rise in temperature is possible when infectious agents enter the cystic neoplasm and when the response of the immune defense to organisms develops.
Changing the shade of urine is manifested in its turbidity or coloration in red. Urine turbidity arises due to the release together with it of protein molecules and white blood cells that enter there with a pronounced inflammatory process. Most of this applies to inflammatory processes in the urinary canals. Thus, the cyst of the renal sinus of the left kidney or the right kidney, can, with complications, give the picture described above.
Staining of urine in red begins because of the ingress of a lot of red blood cells. The closer to bleeding the sinus develops, the darker the shade becomes the urine. This correlates with the fact that the erythrocytes when moving to the channel of urination almost always disintegrate, and free hemoglobin enters into chemical reactions with other components in the urine.
How the diagnosis and treatment of
is realized Diagnosis of intrasinned cysts of the kidneys is possible only with the organization of a specific examination, including ultrasound diagnosis, computed tomography, MRI and urography.
Ultrasound diagnosis makes it possible to establish the presence of cystic neoplasms three or more millimeters in diameter. Tomography allows you to identify cysts the size of one or more millimeters in diameter. Urography is particularly suitable for sinus cysts, because the accumulation of contrast material has a diagnostic value only when examining the condition of the urinary canals.
In the diagnosis of the sinus cyst of the kidney and in the absence of any data on the risks of its transformation into a malignant neoplasm and complications in the tactics of selecting specialists is the conduct of dynamic observation. Treatment is required only if there is a tendency to increase, with the development of manifestations of cancer degeneration or when serious complications are added.
This is important! With a cyst size of less than 5 mm in diameter, treatment is usually not performed. Surgery is required for larger sizes of education, when it interferes with the normal functioning of nearby organs.
Indications for surgical intervention should be considered acute pain in the costal-vertebral corner, high blood pressure and presence in the urine of the blood. In this situation, the doctor selects the optimal type of surgery in accordance with the patient's condition and pathology.
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