Causes and stages of debility, methods of treatment

Degeneracy is a mental retardation of an easy degree, for which the weakest stage of inferiority of mental development is characteristic. From the stage of debility, the features of oligophrenic development depend, but the main feature of pathology is the loss of the possibility of perception of complex concepts.

The main signs of debility are weakened concentration of attention, too slow and fragile storage of information. The thinking of a sick person has a specific descriptive character, that is, there is almost no possibility of abstracting, revealing the logical relationships between events or phenomena, which provokes the mastery of only specific knowledge.

Often the process of the disease is supplemented by a violation of speech, its grammatical and phonetic components, as well as a small margin of words. But in the event of debility, the work of visual and mechanical memory is well preserved.

For patients with oligophrenia in the degree of debility characterized by the following manifestations: inertia, slowness, lack of initiative, and poor self-control. Often acts are not purposeful, rash and completely unpredictable.

With the development of mild morbidity, a sick child can be trained in a normally school, but in more complex situations such persons receive a referral for training in specialized institutions. Typically, oligophrenic are amenable to socialization and certain types of activity are possible.

Degrees of development of the disease

Separation of concepts a pronounced and easy debility becomes most relevant already in adolescence after the child ends a special school. Development of easy debility, as a rule, is not accompanied by burdensome circumstances, therefore the opportunity of acquiring the skills of one or another professional activity remains.

Such patients are able to take care of themselves and, as they grow older, usually lead a family. Given the qualitative and sustainable social adaptation, there is no need for constant monitoring and assistance in the psycho-neurological dispensary.

With pronounced debility, it becomes impossible to do without constant help and support, and only low-skilled physical labor remains available. For the favorable development of the personality, it is necessary to pass the training in a special school, where the four-year program passes for eight by using visual methods of instruction. Training is accompanied by mastery of some household skills.

In some situations, the child's debility remains undetected. Sometimes parents themselves prevent the transfer of their child to an auxiliary educational institution, because they refuse to recognize his inferiority.

Diagnosis of pathology

Most often, debility is diagnosed when the child begins schooling. Such a child should be examined by a neurologist, a psychiatrist and a psychologist, and in case of speech function violation - a speech therapist. Identify the debility is helped by the organization of psychometrics, various tests with pictures of subjects and experiments of classification of pictures. At the same time, the level of intelligence is from 40 to 69%.

When setting the neurological status in people suffering from debility, as a rule, there are no deviations. In general, the disease is characterized by inadequate expressiveness of facial expressions and restriction of small movements. For in-depth analysis of the central nervous system in patients with morbidity, additional examinations and MRI of the brain are performed.

The diagnosis is made only under the condition of exclusion of borderline mental retardation, which is explained by delays in neuropsychic development with simultaneous normal mental capacity. In addition, debility is required to be distinguished from a decrease in intelligence against the background of concomitant schizophrenia and epilepsy in early childhood.

Treatment process

A child with a diagnosis of "debility" who is diagnosed with it should be constantly monitored by a psychoneurologist. If the pathology develops simultaneously with endocrinopathy, then an endocrinologist is additionally monitored.

If to identify and eliminate the cause of the pathology becomes impossible, then specific therapy is organized.

In the diagnosis of congenital syphilis or toxoplasmosis, etiological therapy is performed. With the development of fermentopathy, special dietary rules are required, and endocrinopathy is prescribed hormonal treatment.

Symptomatic treatment consists in the use of anticonvulsant medications and dehydration agents. Also, general restorative therapy is conducted and psychotropic drugs are taken. With a high degree of fatigue in the patient and the development of asthenia, stimulation of the work of the psyche is required.

Along with medicinal treatment sick children need corrective therapy using psychological, pedagogical and speech therapy methods. The main task of such treatment is the provision of psychological support, elimination of behavioral and learning disabilities. At the same time, at an older age, children acquire skills that they will need for self-care and work.

Social adaptation of

The doctors of pediatrics, social psychology and pedagogy specialists, children's neurologists and psychiatrists work together on the problem of social adaptation of patients. The main goal is to adapt patients to independent life in modern society, and also to prevent their involvement in criminal groups.

A very complex component of social adaptation is the correct organization of the learning process and work, as well as the life of patients. It is recommended that children receive training in special institutions. Where the learning process is built according to their mental abilities. After training, people get the opportunity to master a simple specialty, where they will perform simple work that does not require a quick switching of attention, independence and initiative.