Excretory urography of the kidneys: conduction and contraindications

Excretory urography of the kidneys is an x-ray method of urinary canal diagnostics, which is based on the kidney's ability to isolate specific contrast substances introduced into the body. Thus, the doctor receives images of the organs. As a rule, contrast preparations are administered intravenously within two to three minutes, and the volume of the substance depends on the weight of the person.

Urography makes it possible to obtain images of the organ, as well as renal pelvis and calyxes and even the bladder. This method is considered the most functional, because the allocation of contrast agent kidneys in the system of pelvis can occur only if the kidneys work satisfactorily. Sometimes excretory urography allows to get a clear idea separately about each of the paired organs in comparison with other studies.

The first shots are received within eight to ten minutes after entering the body of the contrast drug, then in fifteen to twenty and forty minutes. Time directly correlates with the resulting image and for the purpose of diagnosis.

Sometimes, with hydronephrosis in order to obtain a snapshot of calyxes and kidneys, the study is carried out at a later date, one to two hours after the entry of contrast medium into the body. This is also done by continuous urography, which consists in repeated administration of the drug in twenty to forty minutes after the first dose.

The main advantages of the diagnosis

Excretory urography helps to get clear pictures of the calyxal and renal system of kidneys in the development of hydronephrosis, because contrast preparations begin to accumulate in the dilated pelvis and calyces. Repeated administration of the drug in a volume of 10 - 15 ml is considered safe.

Recently, it has become increasingly popular to administer a contrast medium with a dropwise intravenous route for 10-15 minutes 200 to 250 ml of a solution of a special substance with a concentration of 25%.

This is important! The first image is obtained an hour after the introduction of a contrast agent into the body. Such diagnostics make it possible to obtain beautiful clear pictures of the urinary tract even with unsatisfactory functioning of the kidneys, preventing the need to implement retrograde pyelography. Simultaneously with obtaining a picture of the upper urinary tract on urograms, their shadows become clearly visible.

Pictures are best seen when they are made a minute later - one and a half after the contrast solution enters the body and penetrates the bloodstream. Thus, the contrast drug accumulates in the kidney parenchyma and does not begin to be released through the urinary channels. To obtain an even better and better image, an additional tomography is required.

Generally, excretory urography is a valuable diagnostic method. Which gives an opportunity to get pictures of the kidneys and urinary tracts, as well as get an idea of ​​the quality of their functions.

Preparatory measures before

examination Excretory urography: preparation for examination implies compliance with certain rules. As a rule, immediately before the excretory urography, the patient will need to initially donate blood in order to establish its biochemical composition - so the diagnosis of kidney failure is excluded, when diagnostics are prohibited.

A couple of days before the survey is organized, the patient needs to refrain from consuming products that provoke gas formation. Do not eat for three hours before the procedure. If the expert deems necessary, the day before, he appoints a laxative to the patient.

This is important! Before conducting excretory urography, the patient should tell the doctor about the presence of allergic reactions, about the drugs taken. Before the examination, it is required to remove metal objects from the body.

Complications and contraindications for

examination Excretory examination of the kidneys has extensive indications and is used practically in any urological pathology. However, like other methods, this method is characterized by its contraindications. These include collapse, shock, severe kidney damage, such as a violation of the concentration ability or azototemia, severe liver pathology with functional impairment, high sensitivity to iodine or contrast agent.

In view of the latter, a tolerance test is required before the diagnosis is made. So, a solution of 1ml is injected into the vein on the eve of the examination. If there is no reaction, then further excretory urography is performed with this solution. If there is no sample, the urography consists of two stages: initially about 2 ml of the solution is injected into the vein - if there is no reaction for two minutes, the remaining dose is administered.

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