Peas vegetable
General information: peas are one of the most ancient vegetable crops. Initially, the plant became widespread in Holland, and then in other European countries. In Russia, peas were grown in vegetable gardens, it was a favorite dish on the table.
Brain, or semi-sugar, peas are popular all over the world. There are many varieties on sale. Among the new varieties are small shrubs that do not require support on the bed.
Peeling peas are rarely found among the seeds offered for sale. This is the pea from which the pea soup is made. It is sown very early and after harvest is dried.
Sugar peas are eaten with beans. It tastes sweet and grows like a low bush.
The stem is hollow, simple or stampled from light green to dark gray-green in color. Leaves are odd-pinnate with 1-3 pairs of leaves, which end with antennae. The flowers are white bisexual self-pollinating, have 10 stamens. The root system is rod-shaped, well branched, has the ability to absorb hardly soluble mineral salts and bind nitrogen to air, transferring it into plant-accessible compounds. The fruit of peas is a bean, which is often called a pod.
Requirements: peas - a cold-resistant plant, can grow in any climatic conditions and any soil, provided that it is loose and sufficiently supplied with humus. Its seeds germinate at 4-6 ° C, and shoots can withstand short-term frosts to -4 ° C.He is demanding of moisture, especially during the germination of seeds, light-loving, poorly growing on acidic soils. The place for growing peas in the garden is open, sunny. In autumn the soil is digged, in the spring it is dug. On fertile soils, fertilizers do not contribute if the soils are poor, 10-15 grams of ammonium nitrate, 20-25 grams of double superphosphate, 18-20 g of potassium chloride, per 1 m2.
The best predecessors of peas are beets, potatoes and cabbage.
Ingredients: green peas in 100 grams of raw weight contains 5-7 grams of protein, vitamins C, A. The protein contains all the essential amino acids. The group of vitamins B. Vitamin B1 in peas is also balanced well, B2 is 1.5 and vitamin PP is 5 times more than in bread made from wholemeal flour, which is characterized by a high content of vitamins.
Cultivation: sowing is carried out by selected seeds in a ribbon way on 3 rows in each tape with a distance between rows of 12-15 cm, between the tapes - 45-50 cm. The seeding depth is 5-6 cm. To protect seeds from hatching by birds, the site is covered with paper or film before emergence.
Varieties of sugar peas
Zhegalova 112 - late ripening. Stem 150-180 cm and above. Beans are very large( up to 16 cm), fleshy, tender, juicy. Sweet peas. Karaganda 1053 - early maturing. The height of the stem is 60-80 cm. A young sugar spatula with rudimentary peas is used for food. The inexhaustible 195 - mid-day. The height of the stem is 115 cm. The beans are large, tender, juicy. Peas sweet, very tasty. It is widely distributed.
The first in the year - already in mid-April - you can sow shelling peas. He is able to tolerate light frosts, even when in bloom. In April they sow cereal and sugar peas. In principle, you can sow later - in mid-June, but this is not recommended, because then in the case of hot summer, the harvest will be scarce. The distance between rows of peas is 40 cm, if the rows are double - 10 cm. The interval between the plants in the row is 5 cm. Lay the seeds to a depth of 5 cm, pour them and densely enter the ground.
Varieties of peeling pea
Alpha - early ripening;old vegetable variety. The height of the stem is 53-70 cm. The beans are large, saber-like with a pointed tip. Viola - the medium-ripening. Height 75-80 cm. Beans are large, straight, blunt. The peas are dark green, very delicate.
The emerald is medium-rippled. Beans are medium-large, on the fruit stem, 2 beans.
Kubanec 1126 - early maturing. Plants are semi-dwarfish. Beans are large, delicious. Lilensky - medium-term. Height 60-65 cm. Beans are not large.
Vegetable 76 - medium-early. Stem height is up to 0 cm. Beans are large, green peas are very tender.
Early 301 - early maturing. In the non-chernozem zone, the height of the stem is 100-150 cm. Beans are large, green peas are sweet.
Early mushroom 11 - semi-dwarfish, early maturing. Beans are large.
Union 10 - the mid-ripening. The height of the stem is 60-80 cm. The beans are not large, straight, blunt. The peas are dark green, tender.
Care: watering( the first - before emergence, the second - at the beginning of flowering, the third and fourth - during the period of beans), weeding and loosening. When the shoots get stronger and go into growth, rods are put to the plant, clinging to which the peas can grow vertically.
Peas - a favorite food for birds, so-you need to cover the axle. Aphids that appear on the leaves are easily removed with water. Powdery mildew is possible mainly in crowded plants. Affected plants must be removed immediately.
Harvesting: harvesting of varnished varieties on green peas begins when the seeds in the pod reach a maximum value, and the flaps are juicy and green, with no signs of a grid, the appearance of which indicates that the peas are overripe. Peas of sugar varieties are harvested when the grain is in its infancy, and the beans are green, flat, fleshy, tender and juicy. Cleaning of those and other varieties is carried out several times a season as they sweat.