Hyperfunction of the kidney: a risk of development, manifestation of symptoms

Hyperfunctional kidney cancer is diagnosed in 90% of cases of all renal oncology. This disease has other names, for example, kidney hypenophroma. Neoplasm of this type can be of various sizes and can be found anywhere in the kidney. Usually the diagnosis is made for people from 35 to 50 years, in addition, men are more often affected.

Oncology, according to modern specialists - is a kind of carcinoma of a special structure. Her cells externally can resemble cortical cells in the adrenal glands, the sarcoma cells. The tumor is formed from the epithelial cells of the renal parenchyma, and as it increases, it is squeezed tightly. Hypernphroma forms in a thin fibrous capsule that separates malignant neoplasm from healthy tissue. The size of the tumor is about 3 cm. The tumor can grow very much, and cases when it reaches a weight of 3 kg are known.

The tumor can be located in different places of the kidney, thereby pushing and strongly pressing on the parenchyma of the kidney.gradually it grows and can reach the size of an adult's head.

The consistency of the neoplasm is uneven - both dense and soft, and individual necrotic areas undergo calcification. When considering a tumor in a section, it has a yellow tinge - from light to brown tones. The variegation of coloring correlates with the infiltration of the lesions with fat, hemorrhages and necrosis.

The process of progressive development of the tumor

A hyper-neoplastic tumor of a small size is formed in the cortical substance of the organ. A tumor of 3 cm in diameter is considered a borderline between benign and malignant neoplasms. Hypernphroma up to 5 - 6 cm very rarely produces metastases.

Approximately 40% of cases are broken by the integrity of the capsule. In which the tumor develops due to the germination of a tumor in it. After the tumor grows to a large size, it starts to move from the cortex to both the fiber and the pelvis.

This is important! One of the distinctive features of the disease is its propensity to germinate in the inferior vena cava and renal vein, therefore the vessels of the kidney are strongly compressed, disrupting the venous outflow. Due to stagnation of blood, veins begin to expand next to the affected organ, and their walls become thinner.

While the tumor is small, it grows very slowly - about 3 to 4 years and longer. Large neoplasms cause metastases to the bone, liver, regional lymph nodes.

Symptoms of kidney cancer and clinical picture of the disease

Even at the first stages of the disease there are almost no manifestations. Then, as the tumor progresses and affects the renal vessels and parenchyma, the following symptoms appear:

• Hematuria.
• Extension of veins in the spermatic cord in males.
• Painful sensations.

The pain makes itself felt after the organ is stretched by a large tumor, if there is an obstruction to the outflow of urine in the ureter. The compression of the vein in the spermatic cord or vein in the kidney causes varicocele.

This is important! Metastases usually produce a large hyper-neuron neoplasm that causes stagnation of urine and blood, as well as vascular damage.

How treatment is performed, disease prognoses

The most effective treatment is surgery - kidney resection or nephrectomy, that is, complete removal. Radiation treatment or chemotherapy are ancillary methods in the appointment of combined treatment.

High percentages of deaths from this pathology are explained by a prolonged course without manifestation of symptoms. Approximately half of all malignant tumors are detected accidentally on a routine examination or in the diagnosis of another pathology. More often people turn to the doctor already in the advanced stages of cancer, when the chances of recovery are minimized. When diagnosing the disease at the first stage, the survival rate is 60%, and in the diagnosis - not more than 11%.

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